Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in veal calves

Abstract

The pharmacokinetic disposition of florfenicol was described in veal calves after administration of a single 22-mg/kg dose intravenously, orally after a 12-h fast and orally 5 min post feeding. Both serum concentrations and urinary excretion were studied. After intravenous administration the median elimination half-life was 171.9 min while the half-life of the distribution phase was 5.9 min. The median body clearance (Cl) and apparent volume of distribution (Vz) were 2.85 ml/kg/min and 0.78 l/kg, respectively. Following oral administration the median bio-availability (f) was 0.88 for calves dosed after a 12-h fast and 0.65 for calves dosed 5 min post feeding. Calves given the oral doses had a complex absorption pattern with delayed absorption. Slightly more than 50% of the administered dose both orally and intravenously was recovered as unchanged florfenicol in the urine by 30 h.

Pharmacokinetics and Distribution of Florfenicol in Bronchial Secretions of Healthy and Pasteurella multocida Infected Calves

“…injection was adequately described by a biexponential terms with a slow distribution and elimination phases. Our findings were similar to those reported in calves [12,26] and cattle [15,27].…”

“…Because of this substitution, the antibacterial spectrum activity of florfenicol is superior to that of thiamphenicol [8,9]. It is active against many chloramphenicol-resistant strains of organisms, including Pasteurella multocida, Pasteurella haemolytica, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, and Haemophilus somnus [8,10,11].…”

“…It is active against many chloramphenicol-resistant strains of organisms, including Pasteurella multocida, Pasteurella haemolytica, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, and Haemophilus somnus [8,10,11]. As it has an excellent antibacterial activity against a number of bacteria affecting cattle including Pasteurella multocida, Pasteurella haemolytica, and Haemophilus somnus), this could make the drug an ideal candidate for treatment of primary bacterial pathogens involved in bovine shipping fever [12][13][14].…”

Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence of Florfenicol Oral Solution Formulations (Flonicol® and Veterin®10%) in Broiler Chickens

“…The HPLC and extraction procedures were modified from previously published methods [24,25]. The HPLC system consisted of a pump (LC-10A DVP) with UV-vis detector (SPD-10 AVP), auto injector (SIL-10A DVP), solvent degasser (DGV-12 A) and Shimadzu class-VP software (Ver 6.12 SP4) (Shimadzu, Japan).…”

Safety of Aquaflor (Florfenicol, 50% Type A Medicated Article), Administered in Feed to Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus

“…Florfenicol is a fluorinated analog of thiamphenicol (10) specifically developed for use in veterinary medicine as an alternative to chloramphenicol, an antibiotic banned for use in foodproducing animals (35). The primary use among salmonid species is for the treatment and control of furunculosis caused by Aeromonas salmonicida.…”