Pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered moxifloxacin in eye compartments: an experimental study

An adaptable HPLC method for the analysis of frequently used antibiotics in ocular samples

“…325 nm in a CE instrument [49], and even 515 nm [22], have been reported. For measurement of the fluorescence emission, wavelengths have ranged from 400 nm [21] to 450-460 nm [17,49,50] as well as 500 nm and longer [18,22]. In view of this wide range of detection parameters, the fluorescence excitation and emission wavelengths used in this study, 345 and 470 nm, respectively, were selected from the direct measurements of the fluorescent properties of moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin.…”

“…For example, the excitation wavelength has frequently been set in the range of 280-295 nm [17,18,21,26,49,50], but longer excitation wavelengths, e.g. 325 nm in a CE instrument [49], and even 515 nm [22], have been reported. For measurement of the fluorescence emission, wavelengths have ranged from 400 nm [21] to 450-460 nm [17,49,50] as well as 500 nm and longer [18,22].…”

“…for linezolid (with quantitation limits generally above 0.1 g/ml) [7,[9][10][11][12][13][14]; for the fluoroquinolones moxifloxacin [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] and gatifloxacin [23][24][25][26][27] (some of the methods with quantitation limits approaching 0.01-0.02 g/ml, but others much less sensitive); and for the ␤-lactam, cefuroxime (with one exception [28], all having quantitation limits of 0.1 g/ml or higher) [29][30][31]. Other analytical methods have also been utilized for these antibiotics, including liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) [32][33][34][35][36], capillary electrophoresis (CE) [37][38][39][40][41], capillary electrochromatography (CEC) [42,43], and spectrophotometry [44][45][46][47][48].…”

Assessment of vitreous drug concentration in the porcine eye following intracameral injection or irrigation with moxifloxacin

“…In this case, antibiotic concentration in the vitreous directly after surgery is important, but transfer of intracameral antibiotics to the vitreous has not been examined extensively. Vitreous drug concentrations have been reported as 0.10 μg/mL9 and 0.23 μg/mL10 with the use of eye drops, 1.6 μg/mL9 with oral administration, and approximately 1.68 μg/mL11 with intravenous administration, which are below the minimum inhibitory concentration for important pathogens. Thus, an ex vivo model was used to measure MFLX vitreous concentration directly after intracameral administration, with both intact and ruptured posterior capsules.…”