Pharmacokinetics of ivermectin in sheep following pretreatment with Escherichia coli endotoxin

Abstract

The comparative pharmacokinetics of ivermectin (IVM), between healthy and in Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS) injected sheep, was investigated after an intravenous (IV) administration of a single dose of 0.2 mg/kg. Ten Suffolk Down sheep, 55 ± 3.3 kg, were distributed in two experimental groups: Group 1 (LPS): treated with three doses of 1 μg LPS/kg bw at -24, -16, and -0.75 hr before IVM; group 2 (Control): treated with saline solution (SS). An IV dose of 0.2 mg IVM/kg was administered 45 min after the last injection of LPS or SS. Plasma concentrations of IVM were determined by liquid chromatography. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated based on non-compartmental modeling. In healthy sheep, the values of the pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: elimination half-life (2.85 days), mean residence time (MRT) (2.27 days), area under the plasma concentration curve over time (AUC, 117.4 ng day ml ), volume of distribution (875.6 ml/kg), and clearance (187.1 ml/day). No statistically significant differences were observed when compared with the results obtained from the group of sheep treated with LPS. It is concluded that the acute inflammatory response (AIR) induced by the intravenous administration of E. coli LPS in adult sheep produced no changes in plasma concentrations or in the pharmacokinetic behavior of IVM, when it is administered intravenously at therapeutic doses.

Effects of Gasterophilus pecorum infestation on the intestinal microbiota of the rewilded Przewalski’s horses in China

“…These larval samples were then stored in anhydrous ethanol. With the elimination half-life of ivermectin being about 3 days [ 49 ], fresh fecal samples were collected again from the horses on December 22nd, 2019 (7 days after ivermectin administration). These samples were for characterizing the intestinal microbial community of the Przewalski’s horses free of parasitic infestation.…”

Assessment of Adaptation Status of Reintroduced Equus Przewalskii Based on Comparative Analysis of Fecal Bacteria with Those of Captive E. Przewalskii, Domestic Horse and Mongolian Wild Ass

“…The sex information of animals can be found in Table 1 . The RPHs received the ivermectin treatment in winter; the half-life of ivermectin is about 3 days [ 35 ]. The animals did not receive the additional treatment of antibiotics or anthelmintics during the study.…”