Pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin in pigs after intravenous and intramuscular administration of a single dose of 8 mg/kg: dose proportionality, influence of the age of the animals and urinary elimination

Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin in pigs were evaluated as a function of dose and animal age following intravenous and intramuscular administration of a 16% solution (Forcyl®). The absolute bioavailability of marbofloxacin as well as the dose proportionality was evaluated in 27-week-old fattening pigs. Blood PK and urinary excretion of marbofloxacin were evaluated after a single intramuscular dose of 8 mg/kg in 16-week-old male pigs. An additional group of 12-week-old weaned piglets was used for the evaluation of age-related kinetics. The plasma and urine concentration of marbofloxacin was determined using a HPLC method. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using noncompartmental methods. After intravenous administration in 27-week-old fattening pigs, the total body clearance was 0.065 L/h·kg. After intramuscular administration to the same animals, the mean observed Cmax was 6.30 μg/mL, and the AUCINF was 115 μg·h/mL. The absolute bioavailability was 91.5%, and dose proportionality was shown within the dose range of 4–16 mg/kg. The renal clearance was about half of the value of the total clearance. The total systemic clearance values significantly decreased as a function of age, being 0.092 L/h·kg and 0.079 L/h·kg in pigs aged 12 and 16 weeks, respectively.

In Vivo Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Profiles of Valnemulin in an Experimental Intratracheal Mycoplasma gallisepticum Infection Model

“…The significant correlation between dose and AUC 24 (R 2 ϭ 0.9899) allows us to calculate the AUC 24 for other dosages. This phenomenon was confirmed in other research, i.e., for marbofloxacin PK in pigs within doses ranging from 4 to 16 mg/kg (26); however, our estimated PK parameters were somewhat different from those published previously for chickens infected by M. gallisepticum plus Escherichia coli (17). After i.m.…”

Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Marbofloxacin in Pig against Korean Local Isolates ofActinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

“…The relative bioavailability obtained for marbofloxacin after p.o. application was 94.35 ± 8.90%, which is in between the bioavailabilities (91.50 ± 13.70% and 107.90 ± 13.40%) reported previously [22, 23]. In this study, higher intramuscular marbofloxacin bioavailability (more than 100%) may be because of the prolonged elimination half-lives after i.m.…”

Tissue distribution of marbofloxacin in pigs after a single intramuscular injection

“…The total body clearance of marbofloxacin decreases in older pigs [14], which may be the reason for the longer t 1/2λz reported here. Pigs used here were eight weeks old and younger than those used by Schneider et al [14].…”

“…The pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin in plasma and urine has been studied in pigs under different administration routes [14], and it was shown that marbofloxacin is well absorbed with a bioavailability of 91.5% after intramuscular administration, and its body clearance rate decreases significantly with pig age after intravenous administration. Another study showed easy penetration of marbofloxacin into pig tonsils [19].…”