Pharmacokinetics of Neomycin in Sheep after Intravenous, Intramuscular, Subcutaneous and Intratracheal Administration

Errecalde, Jorge Oscar; Lanusse, Carlos; Landoni, M. F.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0442.1990.tb00890.x

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…The T 1/2 was determined to be 2.68 h in sheep after the intramuscular administration of neomycin sulfate (Errecalde et al, 1990). The T 1/2 in calves was 7.48 ± 2.02 h after a single i.v.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of neomycin sulfate after intravenous and oral administrations in swine

Liu

Yang

Cao

et al. 2021

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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The aminoglycoside antibiotic neomycin, which is used to treat external or internal bacterial infections, is primarily administered in veterinary medicine as a sulfate salt. However, no information is available on the pharmacokinetic characteristics and absolute availability of neomycin sulfate after intravenous (i.v.) and oral (p.o.) administrations in swine. Here, these parameters were studied in swine after i.v. and p.o. doses of single 15 mg/kg body weight doses. The blood samples were assessed using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass/mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS) and pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed using a non‐compartmental model. In swine, after the p.o. administration, the elimination half‐life, mean residue time from t0 to the last collection point, mean maximum concentration, mean time to reach maximum concentration and area under concentration–time curve from t0 to the last collection point values were 12.43 ± 7.63 h, 10.25 ± 4.32 h, 0.11 ± 0.07 μg/ml, 1.92 ± 0.97 h and 1.23 ± 0.78 μg·h/ml, respectively, whereas after the i.v. administration, the values were 5.87 ± 1.12 h, 6.07 ± 0.49 h, 15.80 ± 1.32 μg/ml, 0.30 ± 0.38 h and 76.14 ± 3.52 μg·h/ml, respectively. The absolute bioavailability of neomycin sulfate B was 4.84%±0.03.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of neomycin sulfate after intravenous and oral administrations in swine

Liu

Yang

Cao

et al. 2021

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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Selection and optimization of proteolytically stable llama single-domain antibody fragments for oral immunotherapy

Harmsen

Solt

Bemmel³

et al. 2006

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

107

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We previously demonstrated that oral application of the recombinant single-domain antibody fragment (VHH) clone K609, directed against Escherichia coli F4 fimbriae, reduced E. coli-induced diarrhoea in piglets, but only at high VHH doses. We have now shown that a large portion of the orally applied K609 VHH is proteolytically degraded in the stomach. Stringent selection for proteolytic stability identified seven VHHs with 7-to 138-fold increased stability after in vitro incubation in gastric fluid. By DNA shuffling we obtained four clones with a further 1.5-to 3-fold increased in vitro stability. These VHHs differed by at most ten amino acid residues from each other and K609 that were scattered over the VHH sequence and did not overlap with predicted protease cleavage sites. The most stable clone, K922, retained 41% activity after incubation in gastric fluid and 90% in jejunal fluid. Oral application of K922 to piglets confirmed its improved proteolytic stability. In addition, K922 bound to F4 fimbriae with higher affinity and inhibited fimbrial adhesion at lower VHH concentrations. K922 is thus a promising candidate for prevention of piglet diarrhoea. Furthermore, our findings could guide selection and improvement by genetic engineering of other recombinant antibody fragments for oral use.

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Effect of Orally Administered Egg Yolk Antibodies onSalmonella enteritidisContamination of Hen's Eggs

Gürtler

Methner²,

Kobilke

et al. 2004

Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series B

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Summary The influence of oral application of anti‐Salmonella egg yolk antibodies on the in vivoSalmonella contamination rate of eggs laid by experimentally infected hens was investigated. Antibody containing egg powder was obtained by spray drying of whole egg contents from hens immunized with two Salmonella enteritidis (S. enteritidis) strains. The whole egg powder was administered orally to a laying hen group. The effects of anti‐Salmonella egg yolk antibodies in this experimental group were compared with a control group. In experiment 1, hens were infected orally with 2 × 109 colony‐forming units (CFU) of S. enteritidis per hen, compared with experiment 2 with an infection dose of 2 × 108 CFU/hen. Eggs laid by the experimental and the control groups were monitored for S. enteritidis; egg shells, the albumen and the egg yolk were sampled separately. Results indicated that the rate of Salmonella contaminated eggs of laying hens – experimentally infected with S. enteritidis at an infection dose of 2 × 108 CFU/hen – could be reduced by oral administration of whole egg powder containing S. enteritidis‐specific antibodies. In the experimental group 13.3% of the eggs were Salmonella positive, which was significantly different from 29.4%Salmonella‐positive eggs in the control group (P ≤ 0.001). The use of antibody containing whole egg powder as a feed additive may be an alternative way to reduce the Salmonella contamination rate of hens eggs. The protective effect may have been due to the antibodies raised by vaccination of hens against S. enteritidis.

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Pharmacokinetics of Neomycin in Sheep after Intravenous, Intramuscular, Subcutaneous and Intratracheal Administration

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Pharmacokinetics of neomycin sulfate after intravenous and oral administrations in swine

Pharmacokinetics of neomycin sulfate after intravenous and oral administrations in swine

Selection and optimization of proteolytically stable llama single-domain antibody fragments for oral immunotherapy

Effect of Orally Administered Egg Yolk Antibodies onSalmonella enteritidisContamination of Hen's Eggs

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