Pharmacokinetics of orbifloxacin in crucian carp (<i>Carassius auratus</i>) after intravenous and intramuscular administration

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

Kong

et al. 2018

Self Cite

The pharmacokinetic profiles of florfenicol (FF) or florfenicol amine (FFA) in crucian carp were compared at different water temperatures after single intramuscular administration of FF at 10 mg/kg bodyweight. The concentrations of FF and FFA were determined by a high-performance liquid chromatography method, and then, the concentration versus time data were subjected to compartmental analysis using a one-compartment open model. At the water temperatures of 10, 20, and 25°C, the peak concentrations (C s) of FF were 2.28, 2.29, and 2.34 μg/ml, respectively, while those of FFA were 0.42, 0.71, and 0.82 μg/ml, respectively. And the absorption half-life (t ) of FF was 0.21, 0.19, and 0.21 hr, while the elimination half-life (t ) was 31.66, 24.77, and 21.48 hr, respectively. For FFA, the formation half-life (t ) was 3.85, 8.97, and 12.43 hr, while the t was 58.34, 30.27, and 21.22 hr, respectively. The results presented here demonstrated that the water temperature had effects on the elimination of both FF and FFA and the formation of FFA. Based on the T > MIC values calculated here, to treat the infections of bacterial with MIC value ≤ 0.5 μg/ml, FF intramuscularly given at 10 mg/kg bodyweight with a 72-hr interval is sufficient at the water temperature of 10°C, while the intervals of 60 and 48 hr were needed at 20 and 25°C, respectively. But to treat bacterial with higher MIC values, more FF or FF at 10 mg/kg BW but with shorter intervals should be intramuscularly given to the infected fish.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol and its metabolite florfenicol amine in crucian carp (Carassius auratus) at three temperatures after one single intramuscular injection

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

Kong

et al. 2018

Self Cite

“…Crucian carp is one of the fish species widely cultivated throughout China. It is well‐known for its convenience in farming and rapidity in breeding (Yang et al., ). With the rapid development of carp farming in China, fish are suffering from some serious infections, such as Aeromonas media (Lu et al., ), Rahnella aquatilis (Lu et al., ) and Streptococcus agalactiae (Geng et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of minocycline in crucian carp (Carassius auratus ) after intravenous and oral administration

et al. 2018

Aquac Res

Self Cite

The pharmacokinetic of minocycline was studied after a single intravenous as well as oral dose (5 mg/kg body weight) in crucian carp (Carassius auratus) reared in freshwater at 10°C. Plasma samples were randomly collected from six fish at each sampling time. Plasma concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and further subjected to noncompartmental analysis. Initial concentration of minocycline just after intravenous administration was calculated as 7.320 lg/ml, while the other parameters after intravenous injection were determined as flows: apparent elimination rate constant (k z ) of 0.064 per hr, apparent elimination half-life (t 1=2kz ) of 10.82 hr, total body clearance (Cl) of 142.72 ml/hr/kg, volume of distribution (Vz) of 2,227.38 ml/kg and volume of distribution at steadystate (Vss) of 1,937.08 ml/kg. While after oral administration, the k z , t 1=2kz , mean absorption time (MAT), absorption half-life (t 1/2ka ) and bioavailability were determined as 0.059 per hr, 11.74, 5.55, 3.84 hr, and 81.98%, respectively, and the peak concentration was observed as 1.474 AE 0.362 lg/ml at 8 hr. It was shown that minocycline was slowly but relatively completely absorbed, extensively distributed, and slowly eliminated in crucian carp. Based on the ratios of AUC 0-24 hr /MIC90, a minocycline dosage of 5 mg/kg body weight administered intravenously or orally would be only effective to successfully treat crucian carp infected by bacterium with MIC values ≤0.25 lg/ml. K E Y W O R D S bioavailability, crucian carp, minocycline, oral administration, pharmacokinetic wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/are Aquaculture Research. 2018;49:2782-2787.

“…Following intramuscular injection, orbifloxacin was absorbed with the absorption rate constant ( K a ). Because of the high bioavailability (96.46%) of orbifloxacin in crucian carp after intramuscular dosing (Yang, Yang, Wang, et al, 2018), it was assumed that all dosed orbifloxacin was absorbed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have indicated that orbifloxacin is safe and effective for treating edwardsiellosis in catfish (Ibrahem et al, 2010) and the infections of Lactococcus garvieae in marine fish (Maki et al, 2008) and A. hydrophila in carp (Li et al, 2008). Our previous studies (Yang, Yang, Wang, et al, 2018; Yang et al, 2019) demonstrated that orbifloxacin was completely absorbed, extensively distributed, and slowly eliminated in crucian carp after intramuscular injection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and application of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for orbifloxacin in crucian carp (Carassius auratus)

Liu

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

et al. 2022

Self Cite

Crucian carp (Carassius auratus), with the characteristics of strong adaptability, excellent reproductive ability, and rich nutritional value, is an essential freshwater fish reared in China (Yang et al., 2020). The annual production of crucian carp in 2020 exceeded 2.75 million tons (FAO, 2020). With the rapid development of intensive aquaculture, however, fish are suffering from many pathogens, such as Aeromonas hydrophila (Shan et al., 2018; Zdanowicz et al., 2020), Rahnella aquatilis (Liang et al., 2020), and Edwardsiella ictalurid (Geng et al., 2013), which have caused substantial economic losses (Yang et al., 2022). To reduce these losses, treatment with effective antibacterial agents is necessary.Orbifloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial labeled for cats, dogs, and horses . It inhibits DNA gyrase in bacteria to inhibit DNA and RNA synthesis. Although unapproved in aquaculture in China, orbifloxacin is an effective alternative to treat diseases in fish. Previous studies have indicated