Pharmacological activities and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis for the identification of bioactive compounds from Justicia adhatoda L.

Abstract

The current study aimed to assess the pharmacological potential of Justicia adhatoda by evaluating the presence of biologically active compounds using the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry approach and to undertake biological activities for the effectiveness of the present compounds using standard tests. A total of 21 compounds were identified in the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction in which 14 of the identified compounds are recognized for their pharmacological potential in the literature. In total, four fractions (ethyl acetate, chloroform, n-hexane, and aqueous) were evaluated for pharmacological activities. In carrageenan-induced inflammation, the chloroform fraction exhibited high anti-inflammatory activity (46.51%). Similarly, the analgesic potential of ethyl acetate fraction was the most effective (300 mg/kg) in the acetic acid-induced test. Similarly, in the formalin test, ethyl acetate fraction exhibited maximum inhibition in both early (74.35%) and late phases (88.38). Maximum inhibition of pyrexia (77.98%) was recorded for the ethyl acetate fraction (300 mg/kg). In DPPH assay, the ethyl acetate fraction revealed the highest scavenging potential among other fractions (50 μg/ml resulted in 50.40% and 100 μg/ml resulted in 66.74% scavenging).

Ethnomedicinal plants uses for the treatment of respiratory disorders in tribal District North Waziristan, Khyber Pakhtunkhawa, Pakistan Authors

“…Respiratory disorders often occur as a result of polluted air, microbial infection and way of life while the jeopardy factors include air pollution, tobacco smoke and dusts as well as common lower respiratory infections during babyhood. Although the advances in pharmaceuticals and generally medicine development, the significance of plants for medical care and common safety cannot be overemphasized (Atanasov et al 2015(Atanasov et al , 2018Hwang et al 2018;Langeder et al 2020;Musa et al 2022;Sher et al 2022). For instance, (Younis et al 2018) alluded to the extensive use of medicinal plant species for the treatment of respiratory diseases in Pakistan.…”

Biological Characterization of Polystichum lonchitis L. for Phytochemical and Pharmacological Activities in Swiss Albino Mice Model

“…Like phenolic compounds, flavonoids also have the potential for antioxidant activities, in addition to their potential use against allergies and their capability to reduce inflammation [ 1 ]. It is well known that phenolic compounds have biological activities used in areas such as antioxidants, antidiabetic drugs, hepatoprotective drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs, antimicrobial drugs, and anticancer drugs [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. The existence of components as analyzed by GC–MS analysis also reinforced the plant’s anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic potential.…”

Quantitative ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the indigenous communities of Shawal Valley, District North Waziristan, Pakistan

“…Respiratory disorders often occur as a result of polluted air, microbial infection and way of life while the jeopardy factors include air pollution, tobacco smoke and dusts as well as common lower respiratory infections during babyhood. Although the advances in pharmaceuticals and generally medicine development, the significance of plants for medical care and common safety cannot be overemphasized (Atanasov et al 2015(Atanasov et al , 2018Hwang et al 2018;Langeder et al 2020;Musa et al 2022;Sher et al 2022). For instance, (Younis et al 2018) alluded to the extensive use of medicinal plant species for the treatment of respiratory diseases in Pakistan.…”