Pharmacological application of caffeine inhibits TGF-β-stimulated connective tissue growth factor expression in hepatocytes via PPARγ and SMAD2/3-dependent pathways

Coffee and Liver – Long Way To Go

“…12,17 Caffeine also inhibits expression of connective tissue growth factor by interfering with transforming growth factor beta signaling and by up-regulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma levels, which could explain the antifibrogenic effects of caffeine. 18 While we can go on discussing as to the number of cups of coffee which are likely to provide benefit, we need to know what our cup of coffee really contains. There are various types of coffee and most commercially available coffee beverages consumed around the world are produced by the species Coffea arabica (Arabica) and Coffea canephora (Robusta) each of which has various varieties.…”

Protective effects of baicalin on carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury by activating PPARγ and inhibiting TGFβ1

“…SMADs are the members of signaling molecules superfamily, and downstream molecules of the TGFβ1 signal pathway. SMAD3 is the key mediator in the pathogenic effects of TGFβ1 in fibrosis (Gressner et al, 2008;Roberts et al, 2003). Liu et al (2006) reported that naringenin, a SMAD3-specific inhibitor, could exert antifibrogenic effects by directly down-regulating SMAD3 protein expression and its phosphorylation through TGF-β1 signaling pathway.…”

“…In addition, studies indicated that HSC activation was accompanied by a dramatic reduction of the level of PPARγ and its activity (Miyahara et al, 2000;Galli et al, 2000), Stimulation of PPARγ activity by its potential agonists could inhibit HSC proliferation and α1(I) collagen expression (Miyahara et al, 2000), which were all confirmed by our study. Furthermore, growing researches have established that there was a negative relationship between PPARγ and TGFβ1 (Chang et al, 2008;Fu et al, 2008;Gressner et al, 2008;Kawai et al, 2009;Lee et al, 2006). Activation of PPARγ inhibited the expression of TGFβ1 receptors, leading to the interruption of the TGFβ1 signaling pathway in activated HSCs (Zheng & Chen, 2006).…”

“…Thus, TGFβ1 is a major contributing factor in CCl 4 -induced hepatic fibrosis.been known to have evident anti-inflammatory properties. The activation of PPARγ could inhibit the release of TGFβ1 (Chang et al, 2008;Gressner et al, 2008;Kawai et al, 2009;Lee et al, 2006). Thus, suppressing PPARγ might be a favorable strategy in the treatment of liver diseases.…”

Coffee Consumption to Reduce Liver Fibrosis

“…A study by Gressner et al showed that caffeine could inhibit CTGF expression in hepatocyte by induce mediators), inhibit phosphorilation of SMAD 1 and 3, and regulate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor 12 Other study by liver damage model by giving TAA (thioacetamide) in male Wistar rats. In 8-weeks therapy, coffee consumption were proved to inhibit liver tissue damage caused by TAA.…”