Pharmacological Characteristics of the Inhibitory Effects of Docosahexaenoic Acid on Vascular Contractions Studied in Rat Mesenteric Artery

Sato, Kyosuke; Chino, Daisuke; Sugimoto, Toshiyuki; Kanai, Keisuke; Obara, Kazuo; Miyauchi, Seiji; Tanaka, Yoshio

doi:10.1159/000360543

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…These beneficial vascular effects are most likely not mediated by MUFA since oleic acid is reported to inhibit the endothelium-dependent vasodilator response to acetylcholine in rabbit femoral artery [ 68 ] and to decrease endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity in cultured endothelial cells [ 69 ]. On the contrary, supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids is reported not only to reduce arterial contraction [ 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 ], but also to improve endothelium-dependent relaxation [ 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 ]. Our results agree with those of Farooq et al, which show that omega-3 supplementation reverts the impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation, the increase in angiotensin AT-1 receptor expression and the oxidative stress induced by aging in rat mesenteric arteries [ 79 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mixture of Algae and Extra Virgin Olive Oils Attenuates the Cardiometabolic Alterations Associated with Aging in Male Wistar Rats

et al. 2020

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Aging is one of the major risk factors for suffering cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Due to the increase in life expectancy, there is a strong interest in the search for anti-aging strategies to treat and prevent these aging-induced disorders. Both omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) exert numerous metabolic and cardiovascular benefits in the elderly. In addition, EVOO constitutes an interesting ingredient to stabilize ω-3 PUFA and decrease their oxidation process due to its high content in antioxidant compounds. ω-3 PUFA are commonly obtained from fish. However, more ecological and sustainable sources, such as algae oil (AO) can also be used. In this study, we aimed to study the possible beneficial effect of an oil mixture composed by EVOO (75%) and AO (25%) rich in ω-3 PUFA (35% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and 20% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)) on the cardiometabolic alterations associated with aging. For this purpose; young (three months old) and old (24 months old) male Wistar rats were treated with vehicle or with the oil mixture (2.5 mL/kg) for 21 days. Treatment with the oil mixture prevented the aging-induced increase in the serum levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and the aging-induced decrease in the serum concentrations of mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). Old treated rats showed increased serum concentrations of EPA and DHA and decreased HOMA-IR index and circulating levels of total cholesterol, insulin and IL-6. Treatment with the oil mixture increased the mRNA levels of antioxidant and insulin sensitivity-related enzymes, as well as reduced the gene expression of pro-inflammatory markers in the liver and in cardiac and aortic tissues. In addition, the treatment also prevented the aging-induced endothelial dysfunction and vascular insulin resistance through activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Moreover, aortic rings from old rats treated with the oil mixture showed a decreased response to the vasoconstrictor AngII. In conclusion, treatment with a mixture of EVOO and AO improves the lipid profile, insulin sensitivity and vascular function in aged rats and decreases aging-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in the liver, and in the cardiovascular system. Thus, it could be an interesting strategy to deal with cardiometabolic alterations associated with aging.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mixture of Algae and Extra Virgin Olive Oils Attenuates the Cardiometabolic Alterations Associated with Aging in Male Wistar Rats

et al. 2020

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“…Despite the decreased production of prostanoids, in arteries from orchidectomized rats fed the DHA-diet, indomethacin did not modify the ACh-induced response, which could be attributed to that DHA could reduce the sensitivity of the smooth muscle to prostanoids [ 59 , 60 ]. More surprising was the effect of DHA-diet in control rats, in which an increase in the Ach response in presence of indomethacin was observed, indicating the prevalence of a net vasoconstrictor effect of prostanoids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on the Participation of Vasodilator Factors in Aorta from Orchidectomized Rats

et al. 2015

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Benefits of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) against cardiovascular diseases have been reported. Vascular tone regulation is largely mediated by endothelial factors whose release is modulated by sex hormones. Since the incidence of cardiovascular pathologies has been correlated with decreased levels of sex hormones, the aim of this study was to analyze whether a diet supplemented with the specific PUFA docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) could prevent vascular changes induced by an impaired gonadal function. For this purpose, control and orchidectomized rats were fed with a standard diet supplemented with 5% (w/w) sunflower oil or with 3% (w/w) sunflower oil plus 2% (w/w) DHA. The lipid profile, the blood pressure, the production of prostanoids and nitric oxide (NO), and the redox status of biological samples from control and orchidectomized rats, fed control or DHA-supplemented diet, were analyzed. The vasodilator response and the contribution of NO, prostanoids and hyperpolarizing mechanisms were also studied. The results showed that orchidectomy negatively affected the lipid profile, increased the production of prostanoids and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and decreased NO production and the antioxidant capacity, as well as the participation of hyperpolarizing mechanisms in the vasodilator responses. The DHA-supplemented diet of the orchidectomized rats decreased the release of prostanoids and ROS, while increasing NO production and the antioxidant capacity, and it also improved the lipid profile. Additionally, it restored the participation of hyperpolarizing mechanisms by activating potassium. Since the modifications induced by the DHA-supplemented diet were observed in the orchidectomized, but not in the healthy group, DHA seems to exert cardioprotective effects in physiopathological situations in which vascular dysfunction exists.

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“…Contrarily, our previous studies on rat thoracic aorta and mesenteric artery showed that LA (3 × 10 −5 M) did not affect the contractions elicited by U46619, PGF 2α , phenylephrine, and 80 mM-KCl solution. 31,32) At present, we do not have a rationale to explain the discrepant results between blood vessels (rat aorta and mesenteric artery) and LGI tract LSMs (guinea pig ileum and colon). However, the following explanations might be possible: 1) Inhibition of VGCCs/ VDCCs: LA (5 µM) was reported to inhibit the I Ca in rat ventricular myocytes and LA (10-30 µM) was reported to inhibit the I Ca in rabbit distal ileal LSMs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Docosahexaenoic Acid and Eicosapentaenoic Acid Inhibit the Contractile Responses of the Guinea Pig Lower Gastrointestinal Tract

Obara

Kawaguchi

Inaba

et al. 2021

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and are abundant in fish oil. These n-3 PUFAs have been reported to improve the lower gastrointestinal (LGI) disorders such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease through their anti-inflammatory effects. However, there are few studies on the effect of n-3 PUFAs on motility of the LGI tract, such as the ileum and colon, the parts frequently affected by these inflammatory disorders. To elucidate the effects of DHA and EPA on the LGI tract motility, we performed comparative evaluation of their effects and linoleic acid (LA), an n-6 PUFA, on contractions in the ileal and colonic longitudinal smooth muscles (LSMs) isolated from guinea pigs. In the ileal and colonic LSMs, DHA and EPA (3 10 5 M each) significantly inhibited contractions induced by acetylcholine (ACh), histamine, and prostaglandin (PG) F 2α (vs. control), and these effects are stronger than that of LA (3 10 5 M). In the colonic LSMs, DHA and EPA also significantly inhibited contractions induced by PGD 2 (vs. control). In addition, DHA and EPA significantly inhibited CaCl 2 -induced ileal and colonic LSM contractions in Ca 2 -free 80 mM-KCl solution (vs. control). Any ileal and colonic LSM contractions induced by ACh, histamine, PGF 2α , and CaCl 2 were completely suppressed by verapamil (10 5 M), a voltage-gated/dependent Ca 2 channel (VGCC/VDCC) inhibitor. These findings suggest that DHA and EPA could improve the abnormal contractile functions of the LGI tract associated with inflammatory diseases, partly through inhibition of VGCC/VDCC-dependent ileal and colonic LSM contractions.

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Pharmacological Characteristics of the Inhibitory Effects of Docosahexaenoic Acid on Vascular Contractions Studied in Rat Mesenteric Artery

Cited by 16 publications

References 36 publications

A Mixture of Algae and Extra Virgin Olive Oils Attenuates the Cardiometabolic Alterations Associated with Aging in Male Wistar Rats

A Mixture of Algae and Extra Virgin Olive Oils Attenuates the Cardiometabolic Alterations Associated with Aging in Male Wistar Rats

Effect of Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on the Participation of Vasodilator Factors in Aorta from Orchidectomized Rats

Docosahexaenoic Acid and Eicosapentaenoic Acid Inhibit the Contractile Responses of the Guinea Pig Lower Gastrointestinal Tract

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