Pharmacological interventions for preventing complications in idiopathic hypercalciuria

Prospective study of nephrolithiasis occurrence in children receiving cefotriaxone

“…21 In the five cases affected by calculi in this study, these calculi were small and eliminated spontaneously in four cases. In these cases, renal ultrasonography examinations were normal prior to treatment, Crystallurias such as hypercalciuria 22 and hyperuricosuria 23,22 are known risk factors for stone formation; but none of our cases had metabolic disturbances or risk factors leading to stone formation, and in line with that, we strongly consider that Ceftriaxone itself was the predisposing factor for nephrolithiasis. The pathogenesis of nephrolithiasis is unknown.…”

Impacto de la profilaxis secundaria en el manejo de pacientes con urolitiasis de alto riesgo de recidiva

“…Dado que la hipokalemia induce hipocitraturia, es recomendable asociar las tiazidas a citrato de potasio 17 . Está demostrado que el uso de tiazidas en pacientes con hipercalciuria reducen la tasa de recurrencia litiásica 18 . Así también, el uso de citrato de potasio en pacientes con hipocitraturia u orinas ácidas reduciría en hasta 91% la tasa de recurrencia litiásica 19 .…”

Evaluation of citraturia and calcium/citrate ratio in nephrolithiasis patients. The continuous versus interval saga

“…Idiopathic hypercalciuria is the most important metabolic abnormality found in patients with recurrent calcium stones. It is usually a familial disorder, although strongly influenced by diet 5 . Hypercalciuria often is defined as an excretion of more than >300 mg/day for men and >250 mg/day for women 4 or sometimes as greater than 200 mg daily with no gender differences 14 with 15% of controls (χ 2 -0.09).…”

“…Hypercalciuria increases urine supersaturation and promotes crystal formation and growth. Reducing urine calcium with thiazide diuretics decreases the number of stone recurrences and stone formation rate 5 .…”