Pharmacological Properties of Geraniol – A Review

Abstract

Geraniol is an acyclic isoprenoid monoterpene isolated from the essential oils of aromatic plants including Cinnamomum tenuipilum, Valeriana officinalis, and several other plants. The limited source of geraniol from plant isolation cannot fulfill the great demand from the flavor and fragrance industries, which require maximizing geraniol production through biotechnology processes. The diverse activities of geraniol suggested that geraniol could treat various diseases as a promising drug candidate. In order to evaluate the potential of geraniol applied in a clinical trial, this review aims at providing a comprehensive summary of the pharmacological effects of geraniol. The publications retrieved from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer, and Wiley databases were collected and summarized for the last 6 years. Then, the potential application of geraniol as a drug is discussed based on its pharmacological properties, including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and antimicrobial activities, and hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective effects. Hence, this review aims at providing evidence of the pharmacological activities of geraniol in the context of further development as a drug candidate in clinical application.

Protective Effect of Geraniol on Oxidative, Inflammatory and Apoptotic Alterations in Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiotoxicity: Role of the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 and PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathways

“…Medicinal plants, plant extracts, and isolated natural secondary metabolites have conventionally been used to treat numerous clinical diseases, especially those accompanied by oxidative stress [ 5 ]. Geraniol (3, 7-dimethylocta-trans-2, 6-dien-1-ol, Figure 1 ) is an acyclic monoterpene alcohol isolated from the essential oils of numerous aromatic plants including rose ( Rose ottos ) and lemongrass ( Cymbopogon species ) [ 10 , 11 ]. It was approved as GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to be used as a synthetic flavoring and adjuvant for human consumption [ 12 ].…”

Investigando los remedios populares elaborados a partir de especies vegetales: infusión de ajenjo ('Artemisia absinthium L.').

“…Por otro lado, para el geraniol, cuya abundancia relativa es de 8,67% en el aceite esencial de la infusión de ajenjo analizada en este estudio, se han descrito actividades antitumorales, antiinflamatorias, antioxidantes y antimicrobianas, así como efectos hepatoprotectores, cardioprotectores y neuroprotectores, de acuerdo a los ensayos contemplados en la revisión llevada a cabo por (Lei et al 2019). El nerol también se ha identificado como un potencial agente antinociceptivo y antiinflamatorio (González-Ramírez et al 2016).…”

Influence of Rosa damascena hydrosol on skin flora (contact culture) after hand-rubbing

“…Geraniol, citronellol and nerol have been reported to possess more potent antibacterial activity separately than as a mixture [ 13 ]. Geraniol, an acyclic isoprenoid monoterpene, is one of the main conponents of rose water and has been shown to have various pharmacological effects, including antibacterial activity [ 17 ]. Eugenol is a phenolic monoterpene and its antibacterial effect has been demonstrated against various bacterial species [ 18 ], [ 19 ], [ 20 ], [ 21 ].…”