Pharmacological, surgical and diagnostic innovations in Meniere’s disease: a review

Abstract

Meniere's disease is an inner ear disorder characterized by the presence of endolymphatic hydrops in the inner ear and symptomatology of recurrent and debilitating vertigo attacks, tinnitus, aural fullness, and fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss. Although many therapeutic options for MD have been proposed during years, no consensus has been reached by the scientific community. In the last decade, many therapeutic options have been proposed, as intratympanic steroid, intratympanic gentamicin, and intravenous glycerol. Recently, the role of the antisecretory factor in the diet of MD patients have been investigated. Surgery is recommended for intractable MD; some authors proposed new approaches including transcanal endoscopic infracochlear vestibular neurectomy, new marsupiliazation technique in sac surgery, and tenotomy of the stapedius and tensor tympani muscles.

Nutraceuticals for Peripheral Vestibular Pathology: Properties, Usefulness, Future Perspectives and Medico-Legal Aspects

“…The most common drugs employed are diuretics, betahistine (a mild H1 agonist and strong H3 antagonist, that reduces both endolymphatic pressure and vestibular nuclei activity), and antiemetic or vestibular suppressants (benzodiazepines, anticholinergics, antihistamines, phenothiazines, and ondansetron) [7][8][9]17]. Surgery embraces different choices, depending on the gravity of the illness: intratympanic steroid perfusion, ablative techniques, endolymphatic sac decompression, intratympanic gentamycin perfusion, vestibular neurectomy, and labyrinthectomy [7,9,17,[20][21][22][23]. Another potential treatment strategy is intravenous glycerol [24].…”