Pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of sedatives and analgesics

Horn, Ed; Nesbit, Suzanne

doi:10.1016/j.giec.2004.01.001

Cited by 94 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Los fármacos implicados con mayor frecuencia en las IF fueron Hidrato de Cloral, Midazolam, y Vecuronio. Los 2 primeros son sedantes y el tercero miorelajante 6,[18][19][20] . La analgesia y sedación en UCIP es necesaria no sólo por razones humanitarias, sino que desde el punto de vista fisiopatológico, la supresión del dolor, frena la respuesta neuroendocrina inicialmente beneficiosa, pero inútil y perjudicial a muy corto plazo.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Características de las interacciones farmacológicas en una unidad de cuidados intensivos de pediatría

et al. 2014

Rev. chil. pediatr.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Características de las interacciones farmacológicas en una unidad de cuidados intensivos de pediatría

et al. 2014

Rev. chil. pediatr.

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“…The most commonly used agents, benzodiazepines, and opioids have some of these properties, but each has limitations [8]. Benzodiazepines are generally well tolerated and associated with improved patient satisfaction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Diagnostic Yield of Navigational Bronchoscopy Performed with Propofol Deep Sedation

Mohanasundaram

Kuschner

et al. 2013

ISRN Endoscopy

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Objective. To describe the diagnostic yield of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB) utilizing propofol for procedural deep sedation. Methods. We conducted a structured retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients who underwent ENB with propofol for the evaluation of pulmonary nodules and masses. We analyzed the relationships between lesion size and location, variance (CT-to-body divergence), and positron emission tomography findings on diagnostic yield. Diagnoses were established by histopathological evaluation and clinical-radiographic followup. Results. 41 patients underwent ENB during the study period. The overall diagnostic yield was 89% (42 of 47 target lesions). Among the 42 positive specimens, the diagnoses were squamous cell carcinoma ( = 10), adenocarcinoma ( = 14), small cell carcinoma ( = 2), adenocarcinoma in situ ( = 2), coccidioidomycosis ( = 1), and inflammatory processes ( = 13). Average lesion size was 3.01±0.21 cm and variance 3.6±0.15 mm. The diagnostic yield was greater when the lesion size was >4 cm (100%) and when variance was ≤4 mm (91% versus 87%, = 0.003). Conclusion. The diagnostic yield of ENB utilizing propofol for procedural deep sedation at our center was excellent. ENB with deep sedation may result in superior diagnostic yield compared with ENB performed with moderate sedation.

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“…Propofol also provided significantly better patient cooperation than midazolam. 12,13 However, this agent occasionally decreases systemic vascular resistance, cardiac contractility, and ultimately cardiac output without a concomitant change in heart rate, and respiratory depression can also occur. 5,14,15 Recently, several studies have revealed most adverse events associated with propofol sedation were mild and often transient during advanced interventional endoscopic procedure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,14,15 Recently, several studies have revealed most adverse events associated with propofol sedation were mild and often transient during advanced interventional endoscopic procedure. 12,[16][17][18] A randomized study in Japan, which compared continuous propofol infusion with intermittent midazolam injection during ESD for EGC, found that propofol is a safe and effective sedative agent and that patients treated with propofol had a quicker recovery than those who were treated with midazolam. 3 In those studies, however, sedation was mostly targeted to a moderate level and did not monitor an accurate sedation level during the procedure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and Efficacy of Deep Sedation with Propofol Alone or Combined with Midazolam Administrated by Nonanesthesiologist for Gastric Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection

Chun¹,

Kim²,

Park³

et al. 2012

Gut Liver

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Background/Aims: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is accepted as a treatment for gastric neoplasms and usually requires deep sedation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy profiles of deep sedation induced by continuous propofol infusion with or without midazolam during ESD. Methods: A total of 135 patients scheduled for ESDs between December 2008 and June 2010 were included in this prospective study and were randomly assigned to one of two groups: the propofol group or the combination group (propofol plus midazolam). Results: The propofol group reported only one case of severe hypoxemia with no need of mask ventilation or intubation. Additionally, 18 cases of mild hypotension were observed in the propofol group, and 11 cases were observed in the combination group. The combination group had a lower mean total propofol dose (378 mg vs 466 mg, p<0.012), a longer mean recovery time (10.5 minutes vs 7.9 minutes, p=0.027), and a lower frequency of overall adverse events (32.8% vs 17.6%, p=0.042). Conclusions: Deep sedation induced by continuous propofol infusion was shown to be safe during ESD. The combination of continuous propofol infusion and intermittent midazolam injection can decrease the total dose and infusion rate of propofol and the overall occurrence of adverse events. (Gut Liver 2012;6:464-470)

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Pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of sedatives and analgesics

Cited by 94 publications

References 93 publications

Características de las interacciones farmacológicas en una unidad de cuidados intensivos de pediatría

Características de las interacciones farmacológicas en una unidad de cuidados intensivos de pediatría

The Diagnostic Yield of Navigational Bronchoscopy Performed with Propofol Deep Sedation

Safety and Efficacy of Deep Sedation with Propofol Alone or Combined with Midazolam Administrated by Nonanesthesiologist for Gastric Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection

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