PHARMACOLOGY OF RAUWOLFIA ALKALOIDS, INCLUDING RESERPINE

Plummer, A. J.; Earl, Alfred E.; Schneider, Jürg; Trapold, J. H.; Barrett, W. E.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1954.tb45914.x

Cited by 205 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Examples of commonly used drugs of alkaloid sources are Chloroquine, an anti-malarial drug derived from the stem bark of Cinchona officinalis; Codeine, an analgesic and pain reliever also used in cough medicine; an eye-drop phytostegma obtained from Phytostigma vernonosum (Calabar beans), Procain and Novocain. Reserpine alkaloid from the root of Rauwolfia serpentine has been used in India for centuries for the relief of Epilepsy and Hypertension (Plummer et al, 2006).…”

Section: Volume 40mentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization Potentials of Moringa oleifera in Nigeria: A Preliminary Assessment

Stevens

Ugese²,

Baiyeri

2015

ILNS

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A survey on the utilization potentials of Moringa oleifera in Nigeria was conducted in 2011. The survey involved 14 states (including the Federal Capital Territory) across the five agroecological zones. The 14 States were Borno, Kano, Adamawa, Kebbi, Kaduna, Niger, Nassarawa, Abuja (F.C.T), Kogi, Benue, Kwara, Oyo, Enugu and Anambra. A semi-structured questionnaire and field visits were adopted in this study while a multistage random sampling technique was used in selecting the respondents. The survey found more than 25 local names of Moringa oleifera in Nigeria. Widespread utilization of Moringa as food was observed with its use as vegetable in soup, as salad or herbal tea having particularly high scores. There was low awareness of Moringa oleifera as a domestic cleansing agent although about 30% of respondents used it in domestic water clarification. The species has high ethno-medicinal value, addressing close to 20 conditions including typhoid and malaria fever (78.7%), ear infection (71.8%), eye infection (66.9%), lowering of blood sugar (diabetes mellitus) (65.2%) and blood pressure (64.7%). It is evident that this important species is still underutilized in Nigeria and more efforts are required for a fuller exploitation of its rich potentials.

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Section: Volume 40mentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization Potentials of Moringa oleifera in Nigeria: A Preliminary Assessment

Stevens

Ugese²,

Baiyeri

2015

ILNS

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“…Studies are now being initiated to determine the mechanism ofthese reserpineinduced effects. It is possible that the hypothermie activity of the compound on the animal (Taylor & Fregly, 1962;Plummer et al, 1954) may be contributory to the effects described. The compound has also been shown to deplete uterine (Wurtman, Axelrod & Potter, 1964; Cha, Lee, Rudzik & Miller, 1965) and to affect spontaneous smooth muscle activity (Rudzik & Miller, 1962 ;Clegg, 1963).…”

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A stock solution was made by dissolving 300 mg reserpine and 375 mg citric acid in 6 ml benzyl alcohol with gentle warming.

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The Effect of Reserpine Upon the Rate of Egg Transport in the Fallopian Tube of the Mouse

Bennett¹,

Kendle²

1967

Reproduction

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Reserpine is a tranquillizer and hypotensive agent (Plummer, Earl, Schneider, Trapold & Barret, 1954) which has been shown to influence uterine smooth muscle activity (Clegg, 1963). The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of reserpine upon the rate of transport of eggs down the Fallopian tube of the mouse.A stock solution was made by dissolving 300 mg reserpine and 375 mg citric acid in 6 ml benzyl alcohol with gentle warming. A volume of 15 ml of Tween 80 was added. After cooling, the final volume was adjusted to 100 ml with distilled water, and the solution protected from light. This reserpine stock solution was diluted with distilled water immediately before use to adjust the dose volume to 10 ml/kg body weight.Specific pathogen-free mice were obtained from colonies in our laboratories. Pregnant female mice were killed on a defined day of pregnancy after dosing with reserpine and the reproductive tract removed, the morning on which the vaginal plug was observed being designated the 1st day of pregnancy. The Fallopian tubes were straightened and mounted in normal saline. The contained eggs were visible within the tube (Pl. 1, Fig. 1). Since back and forth movement of the eggs was of very low frequency immediately after mounting, the positions of the first and last eggs could be measured together with the total length of the tube, using a moving-stage microscope with a vernier scale. The percentage of the tube length travelled by the first and last eggs was calculated from the measurements obtained; the mean values were taken to indicate the position of the centre of the group of eggs. The uterine horns were flushed with normal saline and the recovered eggs counted.In a preliminary study, varying dose levels of reserpine were administered by intraperitoneal injection on the 1st day of pregnancy, using a dose ratio of 2\m=.\0. Five mice were used at each dose level. The reproductive tracts were examined on the 4th day of pregnancy.A dose-related decrease in the rate of transport of eggs in the Fallopian tubes was observed upon administration of various doses of reserpine (Table 1). Complete arrest of egg transport was produced by a dose of 10 mg/kg. f 345

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“…cells might be high enough to stimulate the gland cells. Another possibility is that reserpine operates by stimulation of the central nervous system via the parasympathetics (26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Concentration of 5-Hydroxytryptamine in Mammalian Enterochromaffin Cells and Its Release by Reserpine

Benditt

Wong

1957

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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The site and local concentration of a chemical substance in the tissues are important determinants of its spatial interactions and hence its functional effects. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5HT) has been identified in tissues rich in enterochroma/fin (E.C.) cells (1, 2) including carcinoid tumors (3). The histochemical reactions of these cells and of 5-hydroxytryptamine in models have been found to be similar (4). However, the negative reactions for indoles with p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde in tissues containing enterochromaffin cells has recently been cited as evidence against the identity of enterochromarlin cell substance and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5).The following experiments were designed to test qualitatively and quantitatively the hypothesis that 5-hydroxytryptamine is the chromogenic material of enterochromaffin cells of the guinea pig duodenum. We shall produce evidence that 5-hydroxytryptamine is the chromogenic material of the enterochromaflfin cells, that the extractable 5-hydroxytryptamine is largely if not entirely present in these cells, and that the concentration in these cells is of the order of 1 per cent. It will be shown that reserpine causes the release of the 5-hydroxytryptamine from this cellular site. Methods and MaterialsAnimals.--For most of the experiments female guinea pigs weighing between 200 and 370 gin. were employed. The animals were housed two to four per cage. Market rabbits weighing 2.5 to 3.5 kg. were also used in one experiment. These were housed in individual cages. Animals were fed water and Rockland rabbit ration ad libitum.

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PHARMACOLOGY OF RAUWOLFIA ALKALOIDS, INCLUDING RESERPINE

Cited by 205 publications

References 7 publications

Utilization Potentials of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> in Nigeria: A Preliminary Assessment

Utilization Potentials of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> in Nigeria: A Preliminary Assessment

The Effect of Reserpine Upon the Rate of Egg Transport in the Fallopian Tube of the Mouse

On the Concentration of 5-Hydroxytryptamine in Mammalian Enterochromaffin Cells and Its Release by Reserpine

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