Pharmacology of palytoxins and ostreocins

Louzao, M. Carmen; Fraga-Corral, María; Vilariño, Natalia

doi:10.1002/9781118500354.ch6

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…They modulates neurotransmitters (acetylcholine and/or norepinephrine) and activate pro-inflammatory signaling cascades such as the release of prostaglandin-E2 and histamine [164]. PLTX and ostreocin-D modulate cytoskeleton distortion and dynamics in intestinal and neuroblastoma cells and can significantly reduce cytotoxicity [60,61]. In addition, PLTX from Palythoa clavata polyps, comprising Symbiodinium dinoflagellate, displayed that a pharmaceutical formulation is appropriate for therapeutic use in the contradiction of lymphoblastic or myelogenous leukemia [59].…”

Section: Dinoflagellate Toxins: the Most Prevailing Source Of Toxins ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoplankton Toxins and Their Potential Therapeutic Applications: A Journey toward the Quest for Potent Pharmaceuticals

Pradhan

2022

Marine Drugs

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Phytoplankton are prominent organisms that contain numerous bioactive substances and secondary metabolites, including toxins, which can be valuable to pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and biotechnological industries. Studies on toxins produced by phytoplankton such as cyanobacteria, diatoms, and dinoflagellates have become more prevalent in recent years and have sparked much interest in this field of research. Because of their richness and complexity, they have great potential as medicinal remedies and biological exploratory probes. Unfortunately, such toxins are still at the preclinical and clinical stages of development. Phytoplankton toxins are harmful to other organisms and are hazardous to animals and human health. However, they may be effective as therapeutic pharmacological agents for numerous disorders, including dyslipidemia, obesity, cancer, diabetes, and hypertension. In this review, we have focused on the properties of different toxins produced by phytoplankton, as well as their beneficial effects and potential biomedical applications. The anticancer properties exhibited by phytoplankton toxins are mainly attributed to their apoptotic effects. As a result, phytoplankton toxins are a promising strategy for avoiding postponement or cancer treatment. Moreover, they also displayed promising applications in other ailments and diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, AIDS, fungal, bacterial, schizophrenia, inflammation, allergy, osteoporosis, asthma, and pain. Preclinical and clinical applications of phytoplankton toxins, as well as future directions of their enhanced nano-formulations for improved clinical efficacy, have also been reviewed.

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Section: Dinoflagellate Toxins: the Most Prevailing Source Of Toxins ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoplankton Toxins and Their Potential Therapeutic Applications: A Journey toward the Quest for Potent Pharmaceuticals

Pradhan

2022

Marine Drugs

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“…The data so far available suggest that PLTX and ostreocin-D can modulate the unassembled actin pool, by activating signal transduction pathways not related to Ca 2+ influx [ 143 ]. Despite these two compounds sharing the same molecular target, a few small structural differences can significantly reduce cytotoxicity and hemolytic potency in the case of ostreocin-D [ 144 ].…”

Section: Characterization Of Main Dinoflagellate Bioactive (Potentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotechnological and Pharmacological Applications of Biotoxins and Other Bioactive Molecules from Dinoflagellates

2017

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Abstract:The long-lasting interest in bioactive molecules (namely toxins) produced by (microalga) dinoflagellates has risen in recent years. Exhibiting wide diversity and complexity, said compounds are well-recognized for their biological features, with great potential for use as pharmaceutical therapies and biological research probes. Unfortunately, provision of those compounds is still far from sufficient, especially in view of an increasing demand for preclinical testing. Despite the difficulties to establish dinoflagellate cultures and obtain reasonable productivities of such compounds, intensive research has permitted a number of advances in the field. This paper accordingly reviews the characteristics of some of the most important biotoxins (and other bioactive substances) produced by dinoflagellates. It also presents and discusses (to some length) the main advances pertaining to dinoflagellate production, from bench to large scale-with an emphasis on material published since the latest review available on the subject. Such advances encompass improvements in nutrient formulation and light supply as major operational conditions; they have permitted adaptation of classical designs, and aided the development of novel configurations for dinoflagellate growth-even though shearing-related issues remain a major challenge.

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Toxic Effects and Tumor Promotion Activity of Marine Phytoplankton Toxins: A Review

Pradhan

Kim

Abassi

et al. 2022

Toxins

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Phytoplankton are photosynthetic microorganisms in aquatic environments that produce many bioactive substances. However, some of them are toxic to aquatic organisms via filter-feeding and are even poisonous to humans through the food chain. Human poisoning from these substances and their serious long-term consequences have resulted in several health threats, including cancer, skin disorders, and other diseases, which have been frequently documented. Seafood poisoning disorders triggered by phytoplankton toxins include paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP), neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP), amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP), diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP), ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP), and azaspiracid shellfish poisoning (AZP). Accordingly, identifying harmful shellfish poisoning and toxin-producing species and their detrimental effects is urgently required. Although the harmful effects of these toxins are well documented, their possible modes of action are insufficiently understood in terms of clinical symptoms. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge regarding phytoplankton toxins and their detrimental consequences, including tumor-promoting activity. The structure, source, and clinical symptoms caused by these toxins, as well as their molecular mechanisms of action on voltage-gated ion channels, are briefly discussed. Moreover, the possible stress-associated reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related modes of action are summarized. Finally, we describe the toxic effects of phytoplankton toxins and discuss future research in the field of stress-associated ROS-related toxicity. Moreover, these toxins can also be used in different pharmacological prospects and can be established as a potent pharmacophore in the near future.

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Pharmacology of palytoxins and ostreocins

Cited by 3 publications

References 120 publications

Phytoplankton Toxins and Their Potential Therapeutic Applications: A Journey toward the Quest for Potent Pharmaceuticals

Phytoplankton Toxins and Their Potential Therapeutic Applications: A Journey toward the Quest for Potent Pharmaceuticals

Biotechnological and Pharmacological Applications of Biotoxins and Other Bioactive Molecules from Dinoflagellates

Toxic Effects and Tumor Promotion Activity of Marine Phytoplankton Toxins: A Review

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