“…The elevated R amounts in the Sahel climate and the absence of seasonal changes may indicate an effect of the climatic dryness component. Few studies have been performed regarding the relationship between water reabsorption by the kidney and sleep, and the role of arginine vasopressin is controversial [33]. In healthy pre-pubertal boys, intranasal arginine vasotocin has been shown to increase the amount of R, decrease R latency, and induced R periods at sleep onset (SOREMPs) [34].…”