Pharmacology of the Skin I

Greaves, Malcolm W.; Shuster, Sam

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-73797-8

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology

1989

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-73797-8

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Pharmacology of the Skin I

Malcolm W. Greaves¹,

Sam Shuster²

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2020

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References 493 publications

(619 reference statements)

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Human Skin Microcirculation

Cracowski

Roustit

2020

Comprehensive Physiology

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The anatomy and physiology of the microcirculation in human skin are complex. Normal cutaneous microcirculation is organized in two parallel plexuses with capillary loops extending perpendicularly from the superficial plexus. The physiological regulation of cutaneous microcirculation includes specific sympathetic activation, which causes vasoconstriction through the release of norepinephrine, neuropeptide Y, and ATP. A sympathetic cholinergic system is mainly involved in vasodilation through the co-transmission of acetylcholine, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide. Sensory nerves play a major role through the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide and substance P. Endothelium-dependent vasomotion implicates nitric oxide, prostacyclin, endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizing factors, and endothelin. Myogenic response also plays a role and explains why autoregulation is weak but exists in glabrous human skin. Variations in skin blood flow result from highly complex interactions between these mechanisms. In this article, we will detail the anatomy, physiology, and current methods of exploring the human microcirculation. We will further discuss the part played by cutaneous microvascular impairment in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, or diseases more specifically affecting the skin.

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Human Skin Microcirculation

Cracowski

Roustit

2020

Comprehensive Physiology

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Pharmacology of the Skin I

Cited by 1 publication

References 493 publications

Human Skin Microcirculation

Human Skin Microcirculation

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