Pharmacology Update

In situ-formed hydroxyapatite and poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) injectable implants as the cargo loading of bioactive substances for bone regeneration

“…study has already been approved for commercial drug delivery product as Sublocade by the FDA. 25 As shown in Fig. 4, cytotoxicity was noted within 24 h and the cell viability was only 30% for the original extract.…”

“…Buprenorphine will be released by the breakdown of the polymer depot as PLGA biodegradation. 25 That's to say, the sustained release of the biological substances incorporated in the GMs within the solidified scaffolds would be accompanied by the degradation of the PLGA matrix, facilitating improved bone regeneration. 61 Therefore, the material system in this study is still an available injectable candidate for minimally invasive surgery in orthopedics.…”

“…23,24 Currently, the best-known ISI approved by the Food and Drug Administration of United States (FDA) for clinical application is Sublocade s , which is an in situ injectable implant of buprenorphine and consists of NMP-dissolved PLGA. 25 Various drugs, proteins, genes, and other biologic agents have been incorporated in PLA-or PLGA-based ISI systems, and the US FDA has so far approved more than 4 kinds of pharmaceutical products that can achieve sustained drug release through the production of prefilled syringes. [26][27][28] In addition, the PLGAbased ISI was also evaluated as a tissue engineering substitute for bone repair.…”

Association between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use and developing irritable bowel syndrome through retrospective analysis

“…Notably, serotonin receptors, present both in the central nervous system and in GI systems, 8,9 can influence the balance and integrity of the gut microbiome 10–12 . Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), among the most widely prescribed antidepressants worldwide, 13 are recommended as the first choice in most guidelines due to their relatively fewer adverse events (AEs) compared with other antidepressants 14,15 . Further, SSRIs inhibit the serotonin reuptake, leading to prolonged serotonin retention in the synaptic cleft for a long time, thereby producing their antidepressant effects.…”