Pharmacotherapy before and after bariatric surgery

Alabduljabbar, Khaled; le Roux, Carel W.

doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155692

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…T2DM is a prevalent chronic metabolic disease characterized by high blood glucose (hyperglycemia) and insulin resistance. Treatment approaches for T2DM currently include lifestyle interventions and pharmacotherapy, with a reduction in carbohydrate and sugar intake playing a pivotal role in mitigating disease progression [46]. In particular, regulating postprandial blood glucose levels has been shown to be an effective strategy for treating T2DM and preventing its complications [47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Mulberry Leaf Fu Tea on the Intestines and Intestinal Flora of Goto-Kakizaki Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Liu,

Zeng,

Jiang

et al. 2023

Foods

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a disease caused by hyperglycemia, an imbalance in the intestinal flora and disruption of the endocrine system. At present, it is primarily controlled through drug treatment and an improved diet. Mulberry leaf and fu brick tea were considered to have excellent hypoglycemic effects. This study used mulberry leaves and fu brick tea as raw materials to develop a dietary regulator that can assist in the prevention and alleviation of diabetes. The experiment used the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat model to investigate the hypoglycemic effect of mulberry leaf fu tea (MFT) and its influence on the intestinal flora of diabetic rats through methods including ELISA, tissue section observation and 16S RNA microbial sequencing. The results showed that, compared with the GK group, the intervention of mulberry leaf fu tea significantly reduced the activities of α-glucosidase (p < 0.05) and α-amylase (p < 0.05) in the duodenum of GK diabetic rats. The height of the duodenal villi was significantly reduced (p < 0.001), leading to decreased intestinal sugar absorption. At the same time, MFT alleviates the imbalance of intestinal flora caused by high blood sugar, promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, etc.), and inhibits the reproduction of harmful bacteria (Blautia, Klebsiella, Helicobacter, Alistipes, etc.). MFT helps reduce the secretion of toxic substances (lipopolysaccharide, p < 0.001), decreases oxidative stress and inflammation, mitigates organ damage, and improves symptoms of diabetes. Finally, the random blood glucose value of GK rats dropped from 22.79 mmol/L to 14.06 mmol/L. In summary, mulberry leaf fu tea can lower sugar absorption in diabetic rats, reduce the body’s oxidative stress and inflammatory response, regulate intestinal flora, and reduce blood sugar levels in GK rats. It is hinted that mulberry leaf fu tea could be used as a functional drink to help prevent the occurrence of diabetes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Mulberry Leaf Fu Tea on the Intestines and Intestinal Flora of Goto-Kakizaki Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Liu,

Zeng,

Jiang

et al. 2023

Foods

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“…Relapse of diabetes mellitus can occur following bariatric surgery and treatment with anti-diabetic drugs; sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors [ 244 ] and GLP-1 receptor agonists are options to prolong diabetes remission or extend treatment in patients with less effective glycemic control [ 245 ]. These medications have been reviewed in previous articles [ 244 , 245 ].…”

Section: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2dm) and Bariatric Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Appetite Regulation and Bariatric Surgery

Ramasamy

2024

JCM

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Obesity remains a common metabolic disorder and a threat to health as it is associated with numerous complications. Lifestyle modifications and caloric restriction can achieve limited weight loss. Bariatric surgery is an effective way of achieving substantial weight loss as well as glycemic control secondary to weight-related type 2 diabetes mellitus. It has been suggested that an anorexigenic gut hormone response following bariatric surgery contributes to weight loss. Understanding the changes in gut hormones and their contribution to weight loss physiology can lead to new therapeutic treatments for weight loss. Two distinct types of neurons in the arcuate hypothalamic nuclei control food intake: proopiomelanocortin neurons activated by the anorexigenic (satiety) hormones and neurons activated by the orexigenic peptides that release neuropeptide Y and agouti-related peptide (hunger centre). The arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus integrates hormonal inputs from the gut and adipose tissue (the anorexigenic hormones cholecystokinin, polypeptide YY, glucagon-like peptide-1, oxyntomodulin, leptin, and others) and orexigeneic peptides (ghrelin). Replicating the endocrine response to bariatric surgery through pharmacological mimicry holds promise for medical treatment. Obesity has genetic and environmental factors. New advances in genetic testing have identified both monogenic and polygenic obesity-related genes. Understanding the function of genes contributing to obesity will increase insights into the biology of obesity. This review includes the physiology of appetite control, the influence of genetics on obesity, and the changes that occur following bariatric surgery. This has the potential to lead to the development of more subtle, individualised, treatments for obesity.

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