Pharmacotherapy for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: An Analysis of the 100% 2008 Medicare Fee-For-Service Part B Claims File

Brechner, Ross J.; Rosenfeld, Philip J.; Babish, J. Daniel; Caplan, Stuart

doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2010.11.017

Cited by 118 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…47 To circumvent the theoretical concerns associated with the intravitreal injection of full-length antibodies, bevacizumab was cleaved into a smaller Fab fragment (48 kDa compared with the original 148 kDa) 48 and was affinity-enhanced by 5-to 20-fold 49 tion (ANCHOR) study improved more than patients treated with photodynamic therapy (10.7 letters vs loss of 9.8 letters). 51 Despite the ranibizumab trials, however, bevacizumab quickly became the drug of first choice among the majority (58%) of retina surgeons 52 …”

Section: Ocular Conditions and Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Expanding Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitors in Ophthalmology

Stewart

2012

Mayo Clinic Proceedings

168

105

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Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role in both physiologic and pathologic angiogenesis and contributes to increased permeability across both the blood-retinal and blood-brain barriers. After 2 decades of extensive research into the VEGF families and receptors, specific molecules have been targeted for drug development, and several medications have received US Food and Drug Administration approval. Bevacizumab, a full-length antibody against VEGF approved for the intravenous treatment of advanced carcinomas, has been used extensively in ophthalmology for exudative age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusions, retinopathy of prematurity, and other chorioretinal vascular disorders. Pegaptanib and ranibizumab have been developed specifically for intraocular use, whereas the soon-to-be-introduced aflibercept (VEGF Trap-Eye) is moving through clinical trials for both intraocular and systemic use. Although these drugs exhibit excellent safety profiles, ocular and systemic complications, particularly thromboembolic events, remain a concern in patients receiving therapy. Patients experiencing adverse events that may be related to VEGF suppression should be carefully evaluated by both the ophthalmologist and the medical physician to reassess the need for intraocular therapy and explore the feasibility of changing medications. For this review a search of PubMed from January 1, 1985 through April 15, 2011, was performed using the following terms (or combination of terms): vascular endothelial growth factors, VEGF, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, retina vein occlusions, retinopathy of prematurity, intravitreal injections, bevacizumab, ranibizumab, and VEGF Trap. Studies were limited to those published in English. Other articles were identified from bibliographies of retrieved articles and archives of the author.

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Section: Ocular Conditions and Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Expanding Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitors in Ophthalmology

Stewart

2012

Mayo Clinic Proceedings

168

105

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“…However, increasing number of studies indicated that bevacizumab is commonly used for the treatment of neovascular AMD and had equivalent effects on visual acuity when administered according to the same schedule compared to ranibizumab [21][22][23]. On the other hand, TLR2 activity usually leads to the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bevacizumab cured age-related macular degeneration (AMD) via down-regulate TLR2 pathway

Wang

Qiao

Li³

et al. 2014

Open Life Sciences

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Bevacizumab cured age-related macular degeneration (AMD) via down-regulate TLR2 pathway Abbreviations AMD -Age-related macular degeneration RPE -Retinal pigment epithelium TLR2 -The mammalian toll like receptor 2 P3C -Pam3CSK4 IntroductionAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of blindness and visual impairment in people over 50 years of age [1,2]. During the pathological progress of AMD, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) plays a very important role in choroidal neovascularisation (CNV, also called wet AMD) for atrophy of the PRE resulting from deposits called drusen that form between the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and underlying choroid [3]. To date, it is commonly proposing that oxidative damage is involving in RPE dysfunction in AMD, leading to subepithelial deposits and inflammation in RPE/choroid interface [4][5][6]. However, further studies on the mechanism of RPE dysfunction in AMD are required. Bevacizumab (Avastin; Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA) is a full-length humanized anti-VEGF monoclonal IgG1 antibody (molecular weight 149 kDa) that inhibited the action of all isoforms of vascular endothelial growth factor. The drug was initially developed as an intravenous agent in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer [5]. In recent years, clinical trials have established the efficacy of Bevacizumab for the treatment of AMD [5,6]. Bevacizumab injections with 1.25 mg in a six weekly variable retreatment regimen are superior to standard care (pegaptanib sodium, verteporfin, sham). And then this treatment improved visual acuity on average at 54 weeks [2]. Furthermore, some groups Keywords: Bevacizumab • AMD • TLR2 • RPEAbstract: AMD is the main cause of visual impairment in people over 50 years of age and the most common cause of blindness. In recent years, the use of bevacizumab to treat neovascular AMD has become a preferred treatment in the United States. However, whether bevacozumab is available for RPE or AMD patients is unknown. We firstly indicate that Pam3CSK4 (P3C) activates TLR2 pathway during ARPE-19 apoptosis as determined by western blotting. And then, the expression of MyD88, NF-κB, p-IKK in primary RPE cells from AMD patients is significantly down-regulated after treatment with 50 μg L -1 Bevacizumab. Therefore, our data shows that MyD88 is involved in the TLR2 pathway in ARPE-19 cell apoptosis resulting from Pam3CSK4 (P3C). And more importantly, our findings suggested that Bevacizumab cured age-related macular degeneration (AMD) via down-regulate Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) pathway in RPE from AMD patients. © Versita Sp. z o.o.Brought to you by | MIT Libraries Authenticated Download Date | 5/11/18 12:11 AM

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“…This cost difference, along with the perceived clinical similarities between these 2 drugs, has led to the widespread use of bevacizumab in the absence of level I evidence. 25 More recently, a head-to-head study, the CATT Study, compared ranibizumab with bevacizumab and revealed equal efficacy of both drugs in the management of noevascular AMD at 1 year. 22 The results of the CATT Study support the continued use of intravitreal bevacizumab as an effective, low-cost alternative to ranibizumab.…”

Section: Bevacizumab and Crvo 617mentioning

confidence: 98%

Intravitreal Bevacizumab for Treatment of Macular Edema Secondary to Central Retinal Vein Occlusion: Eighteen-Month Results of a Prospective Trial

Zhang

Liu

Sun

et al. 2011

Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics

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Pharmacotherapy for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: An Analysis of the 100% 2008 Medicare Fee-For-Service Part B Claims File

Cited by 118 publications

References 52 publications

The Expanding Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitors in Ophthalmology

The Expanding Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitors in Ophthalmology

Bevacizumab cured age-related macular degeneration (AMD) via down-regulate TLR2 pathway

Intravitreal Bevacizumab for Treatment of Macular Edema Secondary to Central Retinal Vein Occlusion: Eighteen-Month Results of a Prospective Trial

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