Pharmacy-based sexual health services: a systematic review of experiences and attitudes of pharmacy users and pharmacy staff

Gauly, Julia; Ross, Jonathan; Hall, I.A.; Soda, Irekanmi; Atherton, Helen

doi:10.1136/sextrans-2019-054096

Cited by 20 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…32 Similarly, Gauly et al reported in a systematic review that pharmacy users appreciated the convenience and easy access of pharmacies for SRH services and felt comfortable discussing sexual health with the pharmacist. 36 However, Gauly et al noted conflicting results about individuals' views on privacy. Some patients appreciated the privacy level provided in pharmacies while others expressed concerns about being overheard by other clients when talking to the pharmacist.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30 Other reviews have also focused on pharmacists' and users' knowledge, attitudes, experiences and perspectives related to contraception as well as a broader spectrum of SRH services. [31][32][33][34][35][36] Overall, the available literature highlights positive users' experiences, implementation is feasible, and also some challenges for pharmacy staff and users. However, these reviews have not addressed the topic from the service organisation, implementation and delivery perspective.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitations Of This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although interest in SRH has increased in recent years, there is little research synthesising professional pharmacy services across a broad spectrum of SRH areas. [33][34][35][36] Clarity is needed with respect to pharmacists' roles in SRH as well as the types of professional pharmacy services that may be delivered in community pharmacies to better serve the needs of the community. Addressing this gap in the literature is critical to position pharmacists as SRH providers, especially now that access issues have been exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic, and pharmacists are perceived as crucial in emergency response.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitations Of This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sexual and reproductive health services provided by community pharmacists: a scoping review

et al. 2021

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ObjectivesPharmacists are increasingly providing patient-focused services in community pharmacies, including in the area of sexual and reproductive health (SRH). Specific SRH areas have been the focus of research, but a broader perspective is needed to position pharmacists as SRH providers. This review explored research that described and evaluated professional pharmacy services across a broad range of SRH areas.DesignScoping reviewData sourcesMedline, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library (January 2007–July 2020).Study selectionStudies reporting on the description and evaluation of professional pharmacy SRH services provided by community pharmacists.Data extractionTwo investigators screened studies for eligibility, and one investigator extracted the data. Data were analysed to primarily describe professional pharmacy services and intervention outcomes.ResultsForty-one studies were included. The main SRH areas and professional pharmacy services reported were sexually transmitted and bloodborne infections (63%) and screening (39%), respectively. Findings showed that pharmacists’ delivery of SRH services was feasible, able to reach vulnerable and high-risk groups, and interventions were highly accepted and valued by users. However, integration into daily workflow, pharmacist remuneration, cost and reimbursement for patients, and policy regulations were some of the barriers identified to implementing SRH services. Studies were primarily in specific areas such as chlamydia screening or hormonal contraception prescribing, while studies in other areas (ie, medical abortion provision, long-acting reversible contraception prescribing and vaccine delivery in pregnant women) were lacking.ConclusionThis scoping review highlights the expansion of pharmacists’ roles beyond traditional product-focused services in a number of SRH areas. Given the potential feasibility, users’ acceptability and reach, pharmacists are ideally situated to enhance SRH care access. Future research describing implementation and evaluation of professional pharmacy services in all SRH areas is needed to promote access to these services through community pharmacies and position pharmacists as SRH providers worldwide.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Strengths and Limitations Of This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Strengths and Limitations Of This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sexual and reproductive health services provided by community pharmacists: a scoping review

et al. 2021

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“…Each study was assessed using five assessment points, and then an overall rating system was applied to each study. 17 Studies were given an overall rating of high quality if four or five criteria were met, moderate quality if three criteria were met, and low quality if two or less criteria were met. 17 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which patients miss appointments with general practice and the reasons why: a systematic review

2021

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Background: Missed GP appointments have considerable time and cost implications for healthcare services. Aim: This systematic review aims to explore the rate of missed primary care appointments, what the reported reasons are for appointments being missed, and which patients are more likely to miss appointments. Design: This study reports the findings of a systematic review. Setting: Included studies report the rate or reasons of missed appointments in a primary care setting. Method: Databases were searched using a pre-defined search strategy. Eligible studies were selected for inclusion based on detailed inclusion criteria through title, abstract and full text screening. Quality was assessed on all included studies, and findings were synthesised to answer the research questions. Results: A total of 26 studies met the inclusion criteria for inclusion in the review. Of these, 19 reported a rate of missed appointments, with a mean rate of 15.2% and a median of 12.9% appointments being missed. Twelve studies reported a reason appointments were missed, with work or family commitments, forgetting the appointment and transportation difficulties were most commonly reported. 20 studies reported characteristics of people likely to miss appointments. Patients who were likely to miss appointments were those from minority ethnicity, low socio-demographic status and younger patients. Conclusions: Findings from this review have potential implications for targeted interventions to address missed appointments in primary care. This is the first step for clinicians being able to target interventions to reduce the rate of missed appointments.

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“…To inform policy and research in the UK and countries with similar economic backgrounds, literature pertaining to Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) member countries was used [13]. All settings in which contraceptive methods are available were included.…”

Section: Inclusion and Exclusion Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of disasters on contraception in OECD member countries: a scoping review

Freed

Hillman

Shantikumar

et al. 2021

The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health

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Objectives: Review evidence is lacking about how contraception is affected by severe social disruption, such as that caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this scoping review was to explore the impact of natural and man-made disasters on contraception in OECD member countries. Methods: Manual searches and systematic searches in six electronic databases were conducted with no language restrictions. All articles were screened by at least two researchers. The data were analysed thematically. Results: 108 articles were included. Most focussed on the Zika virus outbreak (n ¼ 50) and the COVID-19 pandemic (n ¼ 28). Four key themes were identified: importance of contraception during disasters, impact of disasters on contraceptive behaviour, barriers to contraception during disasters and ways of improving use of contraception during disasters. Despite efforts to increase access to contraception including by transforming ways of delivery, barriers to use meant that unmet need persisted. Conclusions: To prevent adverse health outcomes and reduce health costs as a result of failure to have access to contraception during disasters, there is a need to intensify efforts to remove barriers to use. This should include increasing access and information on methods of contraception and their side effects (e.g., menstrual suppression) and making contraception freely available.

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Pharmacy-based sexual health services: a systematic review of experiences and attitudes of pharmacy users and pharmacy staff

Cited by 20 publications

References 54 publications

Sexual and reproductive health services provided by community pharmacists: a scoping review

Sexual and reproductive health services provided by community pharmacists: a scoping review

Which patients miss appointments with general practice and the reasons why: a systematic review

The impact of disasters on contraception in OECD member countries: a scoping review

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