Phase behavior, morphology and interfacial structure in thermoset/thermoplastic elastomer blends of poly(propylene glycol)-type epoxy resin and polystyrene–b-polybutadiene

Guo, Qipeng; Figueiredo, Pedro; Thomann, Ralf; Gronski, W.

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(01)00562-6

Cited by 45 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Thus, the SEM results of the CHCl 3 -treated samples confirm the existence of bicontinuous phase separation with an epoxy continuous phase in which ABS particles are dispersed and an ABS continues phase in which epoxy particles are dispersed. A similar type of morphology was explained by Oyanguran et al, 26 Min et al, 27 Woo et al, 28 and Guo et al 29 A quite similar bicontinuous phase separation was observed for the 20 phr ABS-modified epoxy system ( Figure 2f). The SEM micrograph (without any extraction) shows a continuous brighter area of the ABS phase in which epoxy domains are dispersed.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Complex Phase Separation in Poly(acrylonitrile−butadiene−styrene)-Modified Epoxy/4,4′-Diaminodiphenyl Sulfone Blends: Generation of New Micro- and Nanosubstructures

et al. 2009

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The epoxy system containing diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A and 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone is modified with poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) (ABS) to explore the effects of the ABS content on the phase morphology, mechanism of phase separation, and viscoelastic properties. The amount of ABS in the blends was 5, 10, 15, and 20 parts per hundred of epoxy resin (phr). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to investigate the final morphology of ABS-modified epoxy blends. Scanning electron microscopic studies of 15 phr ABS-modified epoxy blends reveal a bicontinuous structure in which both epoxy and ABS are continuous, with substructures of the ABS phase dispersed in the continuous epoxy phase and substructures of the epoxy phase dispersed in the continuous ABS phase. TEM micrographs of 15 phr ABS-modified epoxy blends confirm the results observed by SEM. TEM micrographs reveal the existence of nanosubstructures of ABS in 20 phr ABS-modified epoxy blends. To the best of our knowledge, to date, nanosubstructures have never been reported in any epoxy/thermoplastic blends. The influence of the concentration of the thermoplastic on the generated morphology as analyzed by SEM and TEM was explained in detail. The evolution and mechanism of phase separation was investigated in detail by optical microscopy (OM) and small-angle laser light scattering (SALLS). At concentrations lower than 10 phr the system phase separates through nucleation and growth (NG). However, at higher concentrations, 15 and 20 phr, the blends phase separate through both NG and spinodal decomposition mechanisms. On the basis of OM and SALLS, we conclude that the phenomenon of complex substructure formation in dynamic asymmetric blends is due to the combined effect of hydrodynamics and viscoelasticity. Additionally, dynamic mechanical analysis was carried out to evaluate the viscoelastic behavior of the cross-linked epoxy/ABS blends. Finally, apparent weight fractions of epoxy and ABS components in epoxy- and ABS-rich phases were evaluated from T(g) analysis.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Complex Phase Separation in Poly(acrylonitrile−butadiene−styrene)-Modified Epoxy/4,4′-Diaminodiphenyl Sulfone Blends: Generation of New Micro- and Nanosubstructures

et al. 2009

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“…The advantages of the block copolymers as a blend component with epoxy resins are extensively studied to improve the fracture toughness (Guo et al 2001, Kim et al 2001, Hydro & Pearson 2007, Liu et al 2009, 2009a, Kishi et al 2011. Thus, the block copolymers have been developed for the use as the chemical compatibilizers with epoxy resins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Nanostructured Blends of Epoxy Resin and Block Copolymers

Pandit

Berkessel

Lach

et al. 2013

Nepal Journal of Science and Technology

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Polystyrene-polybutadiene block copolymers having different molecular architectures were epoxidized by using meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (MCPBA). Then, the blends with epoxy resin (diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A; DGEBA) and their nanocomposites with boehmite and layered silicate nanofiller in presence of methylene dianiline (MDA) as a hardener were prepared. The epoxidized copolymers and the composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and microindentation technique. In this way, it was possible to tune the morphology of the nanostructured blends of the epoxy resin using the functionalized block copolymer as the template. The presence of nanostructured morphology was attested by the optical transparency of the blends as well as of the composites with nanofiller. The microhardness properties were improved by the incorporation of the nanoparticles, viz. boehmite and layered silicate.

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“…Guo et al [49] modified a poly(propylene glycol) type epoxy resin with polystyrene-b-polybutadiene copolymer. Since neither the polystyrene block nor the polybutadiene block were miscible with the cured epoxy macrophase separation was observed in all blends.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toughening by nanostructure

Ruiz‐Pérez

Royston

Fairclough

et al. 2008

Polymer

270

229

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a b s t r a c tBlock copolymer modified epoxy resins have generated significant interest since it was demonstrated that the combination could lead to nanostructured thermosets through self-assembly. Over moderate to high polymer concentration the system behaves as expected for a block copolymer in a solvent selective for one block. Two types of copolymers have been studied: non-reactive and reactive modifiers. Morphologies such as copolymer vesicle and spherical/wormlike micelles can be formed under the appropriate conditions. The enhancement of the modified thermosets' mechanical properties depends on the morphology adopted by the polymers. Besides improving mechanical properties, the morphology was found to also have an effect on the glass transition in the studied systems. In this review we collect the available data on the block copolymers used to fabricate nanostructured epoxy resins and critically appraise the properties reported.

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Phase behavior, morphology and interfacial structure in thermoset/thermoplastic elastomer blends of poly(propylene glycol)-type epoxy resin and polystyrene–b-polybutadiene

Cited by 45 publications

References 32 publications

Complex Phase Separation in Poly(acrylonitrile−butadiene−styrene)-Modified Epoxy/4,4′-Diaminodiphenyl Sulfone Blends: Generation of New Micro- and Nanosubstructures

Complex Phase Separation in Poly(acrylonitrile−butadiene−styrene)-Modified Epoxy/4,4′-Diaminodiphenyl Sulfone Blends: Generation of New Micro- and Nanosubstructures

Synthesis and Characterization of Nanostructured Blends of Epoxy Resin and Block Copolymers

Toughening by nanostructure

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