Phase behavior of blends of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide)/polystyrene/poly(o-chlorostyrene-co-p-chlorostyrene) copolymer

Aroguz, Ayse Z.; Karasz, Frank E.

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2004.01.060

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Interestingly, it was mentioned in Reference [8] that PPO's novel, fortuitously discovered miscibility with PS reduced the high glass transition temperature and melt viscosity, resolving the issue of oxidative degradation reaction 9 of PPO during melt processing at high temperatures. PPO was also reported to be miscible with a variety of polymers, [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] and partially miscible 18 with ABS. [19][20][21][22] However, it is worthwhile to point out that the aforementioned miscibility in the literatures were based on differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) data except in the case of the following data of PPO/PS blends.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Miscibility of nitrated poly(phenylene oxide) and styrene–acrylonitrile copolymer blends

Chen

Yan

Zhang

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1, 4-phenylene oxide) (PPO) is a well-known high heat-resistant polymer and miscible with polystyrene. However, it is not miscible with many polymers containing polar groups. In the present study, PPO was nitrated to prepare a nitrated PPO (NPPO) containing polar nitro groups and blended with a copolymer of styrene/acrylonitrile (SAN). Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) data showed that NPPO in SAN-rich phase was miscible with SAN, while NPPO in NPPO-rich phase was partially phase-separated from SAN, both over the entire blend composition range from NPPO wt. fractions of 0.1-0.5 investigated for this work. Analyses of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and ultra-violet (UV-VIS) spectra indicated that the miscibility of NPPO with SAN was caused by intermolecular hydrogen bonding of C N group of SAN with OH end-group of NPPO in the NPPO/SAN blends. NPPO's OH end-group, meta-nitro 2,6-dimethyl phenol, was produced during nitration of PPO due to chain scission of aryl ether bond. Besides the intermolecular hydrogen bonding, dipolediplo interaction of the C N and nitro groups resulted in dissociation of the C N dimers and trimers to the C N monomers in the NPPO/SAN blends.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Miscibility of nitrated poly(phenylene oxide) and styrene–acrylonitrile copolymer blends

Chen

Yan

Zhang

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…However, because of its rigid backbone, PPO is also characterized by a high glass‐transition temperature ( T g ), a very low melt flow index (MFI), and a very high melt viscosity; this makes its melt processing highly energy‐consuming. Thus, most commercially available PPOs are in the form of blends with styrenic polymers (e.g., Noryl resins of GE Plastics),30–34 polyamides, 35 and polyesters 36. Puskas et al 30 investigated the thermal and rheological properties of blends of PPO with different thermoplastics, that is, PS‐ b ‐polyisobutylene‐ b ‐PS, PS‐ b ‐polybutadiene‐ b ‐PS, and PS‐ b ‐poly(ethylene/butylene)‐ b ‐PS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐condensing atom transfer radical polymerization of inimers of different reactivity ratios with styrene and the thermal properties of poly(2,6‐dimethyl‐1, 4‐phenylene oxide)/branched polystyrene blends

Zhai¹,

Li²,

Fang³

et al. 2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Although the self-condensing atom transfer radical polymerization (SCATRP) of inimers with typical comonomers has been extensively performed, there have been few reports to correlate the reactivity ratio with the growth of the molecular weights (MWs) and the development of branched structures. Thus, the SCATRP of inimers of different reactivity ratios, namely, 4-chloromethylstyrene (CMS) and maleimide (MI) inimers, with a large excess of styrene (St) were carried out, respectively, to examine the effect. The conversion and MW were monitored by gas chromatography, gel permeation chromatography, and multiangle laser light scattering. The results suggested that CMS merely functioned as an initiator for St at the early stage; this led to linear macroinimers, which underwent SCATRP and gave rise to randomly branched polystyrene (PS) only at high conversion. The MI inimers formed charge-transfer complexes with St and underwent the SCATRP to result in hyperbranched copolymers at first; this initiated the atom transfer radical polymerization of St and led to star-shaped PS. With the objective of improving the processability and melt fluidity, the physical properties of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO) blends with linear, randomly branched, and starshaped PS were compared. In comparison with those with linear PS, the PPO/branched PS blends exhibited a higher glass-transition temperature, a higher melt flow index, and a comparable thermal stability because of the spherical architecture of the branched PS.

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Miscible blends of chemically‐modified poly(phenylene oxides) with styrene copolymers containing polar groups

Chung

2024

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Poly(2,6‐dimethyl‐1,4‐phenylene oxide) (PPO) is well‐known to be miscible with polystyrene, but immiscible with styrene copolymers containing polar groups. Certain nitrated‐PPOs (NPPOs) were found to be miscible with copolymers of styrene/acrylonitrile (SANs), copolymers of styrene/maleic anhydride (SMAs), a terpolymer of α‐methylstyrene/styrene/acrylonitrile (α‐MS/S/AN), and a copolymer of o‐ and p‐chlorostyrene (PCS). Also, certain simultaneously nitrated‐ and chlorinated‐PPOs (NCPPOs) were found to be miscible with SANs, SMAs and PCS whereas immiscible with the α‐MS/S/AN. The miscibility was indicated by the presence of a single composition‐dependent glass‐transition temperature for a given blend across the entire range of blend compositions tested. The miscibility of the aforementioned NPPOs and NCPPOs blends with SAN1 and SMA1 is attributed to hydrogen bonding of hydroxy groups of NPPOs and NCPPOs with nitrile groups and carbonyl groups, respectively, based on the literature information. The hydroxy groups were generated during nitration and simultaneous nitration/chlorination of PPO as a result of nucleophilic chain scission. Miscible blends of ‐NPPO/SAN and ‐NPPO/SMA with ABS1 showed a substantially better balance of the following properties than a comparable immiscible‐NPPO/SAN blend and a ‐PPO/SAN blend with ABS1: notched Izod impact strength, tensile properties, heat distortion temperature and gasoline stress‐crack resistance.Highlights Nitration and simultaneous nitration/chlorination of PPO generated hydroxyl end groups. Certain NPPOs and NCPPOs were miscible with SANs, SMAs and PCS. Miscibility indicated by a single composition dependent Tg for a given blend. Miscibility attributed to hydrogen bonding of respective functional groups. Impact‐modified miscible‐NPPO/SAN blends and ‐NPPO/SMA blends with ABS1 as impact modifier had good key properties.

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Phase behavior of blends of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide)/polystyrene/poly(o-chlorostyrene-co-p-chlorostyrene) copolymer

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

Miscibility of nitrated poly(phenylene oxide) and styrene–acrylonitrile copolymer blends

Miscibility of nitrated poly(phenylene oxide) and styrene–acrylonitrile copolymer blends

Self‐condensing atom transfer radical polymerization of inimers of different reactivity ratios with styrene and the thermal properties of poly(2,6‐dimethyl‐1, 4‐phenylene oxide)/branched polystyrene blends

Miscible blends of chemically‐modified poly(phenylene oxides) with styrene copolymers containing polar groups

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