Phase Behavior of Water/Perchloroethylene/Anionic Surfactant Systems

Baran, Jimmie R.; Pope, Gary A.; Wade, William H.; Weerasooriya, V.

doi:10.1021/la00016a029

Cited by 39 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…These surfactants have been reinvented and studied for other applications such as the ethoxylated sulfonates [149] to eliminate the co-surfactant requirement for petroleum sulfonates in microemulsions or to improve lignosulfonate tensioactivity and salt tolerance [150]. Highly branched Guerbert type propoxylated structures [151], as well as surfactants for systems containing chlorinated oils [152], were also proposed.…”

Section: Insensitivity To Surfactant Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Attain Ultralow Interfacial Tension and Three‐Phase Behavior with Surfactant Formulation for Enhanced Oil Recovery: A Review. Part 4: Robustness of the Optimum Formulation Zone Through the Insensibility to Some Variables and the Occurrence of Complex Artifacts

Salager

Antón

Arandia

et al. 2017

J Surfact & Detergents

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In enhanced oil recovery, not only the low‐tension performance, but also the robustness at optimum formulation is an important issue. The fourth part of our review series is dedicated to robustness, defined as the width of the zone exhibiting three‐phase behavior around the optimum formulation, whatever the scanned variable. It is first corroborated from a screening of the available data in the literature that the tension minimum is inversely proportional to the square of the three‐phase range in the HLD scale. However, since there is still an inaccuracy of about a factor 10 in the tension minimum, some significant improvement can be attained in some cases by increasing the three‐phase behavior width in two ways. The first approach consists of finding systems that are insensitive to some formulation variable such as temperature, surfactant mixture composition or concentration, and water‐to‐oil ratio. The second way is to produce an artifact through which the optimum formulation is produced twice in a scan. If the distance between the two events in the scan is reduced down to be zero, their corresponding three‐phase behavior zones merge and result in a wider WIII region with a low tension. Several cases of such events are reported: alkaline scans, anionic‐nonionic and anionic‐cationic mixture changes, linear change in composition in three‐surfactant mixture, partial precipitation from a surfactant mixture in a salinity scan, and excessive partitioning of polyethoxylated nonionics. More complex transitions with three effects in a single scan or three concomitantly scanned variables show even more possibilities in practice.

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Section: Insensitivity To Surfactant Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Attain Ultralow Interfacial Tension and Three‐Phase Behavior with Surfactant Formulation for Enhanced Oil Recovery: A Review. Part 4: Robustness of the Optimum Formulation Zone Through the Insensibility to Some Variables and the Occurrence of Complex Artifacts

Salager

Antón

Arandia

et al. 2017

J Surfact & Detergents

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show abstract

“…The need for the solubilization of polar oils (triglycerides, oleic acids), which present very low solubilization with conventional surfactants, led to trying these new molecules. The polar oils tested included perchloroethylene oil [ 12 ] and ethyl oleate [ 13 ] with a (surprising at the time) very high performance. Miñana et al [ 13 ] also tried the solubilization of triglycerides (which at the time was practically zero with conventional surfactants, even with cosurfactant alcohols) with C 12 POnEO 2 SO 4 ( n = 6, 10 or 14), showing for the first time high solubilization of these bulky polar oils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation Improvements in the Applications of Surfactant–Oil–Water Systems Using the HLDN Approach with Extended Surfactant Structure

2021

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Soap applications for cleaning and personal care have been used for more than 4000 years, dating back to the pharaonic period, and have widely proliferated with the appearance of synthetic surfactants a century ago. Synthetic surfactants used to make macro-micro-nano-emulsions and foams are used in laundry and detergency, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, food conditioning, emulsified paints, explosives, enhanced oil recovery, wastewater treatment, etc. The introduction of a multivariable approach such as the normalized hydrophilic–lipophilic deviation (HLD N) and of specific structures, tailored with an intramolecular extension to increase solubilization (the so-called extended surfactants), makes it possible to improve the results and performance in surfactant–oil–water systems and their applications. This article aims to present an up-to-date overview of extended surfactants. We first present an introduction regarding physicochemical formulation and its relationship with performance. The second part deals with the importance of HLD N to make a straightforward classification according to the type of surfactants and how formulation parameters can be used to understand the need for an extension of the molecule reach into the oil and water phases. Then, extended surfactant characteristics and strategies to increase performance are outlined. Finally, two specific applications, i.e., drilling fluids and crude oil dewatering, are described.

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“…Surfactant effectiveness for enhancing NAPL solubility has been evaluated in the laboratory for a wide range of system-specific conditions including type and concentration of surfactants, electrolytes, cosolvents, temperature, major ion composition of site groundwater; mineral composition, organic matter content of aquifer sediments, and other factors (Edwards et al, 1991b;Rouse et al, 1993;Valsaraj and Thibodeaux, 1989). For example, anionic surfactant phase behavior and resulting NAPL solubility enhancement is strongly dependent on electrolyte concentration and composition (Baran et al, 1994a). At electrolyte concentrations below a critical value, anionic surfactants typically display Winsor Type I (oil-in-water microemulsion in equilibrium with excess oil) phase behavior and NAPL aqueous solubility increases with increasing electrolyte concentration.…”

Section: Research Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ, Field Scale Evaluation of Surfactant Enhanced DNAPL Recovery Using a Single-Well, Push-Pull Test

Istok

Field²

1999

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Phase Behavior of Water/Perchloroethylene/Anionic Surfactant Systems

Cited by 39 publications

References 5 publications

How to Attain Ultralow Interfacial Tension and Three‐Phase Behavior with Surfactant Formulation for Enhanced Oil Recovery: A Review. Part 4: Robustness of the Optimum Formulation Zone Through the Insensibility to Some Variables and the Occurrence of Complex Artifacts

How to Attain Ultralow Interfacial Tension and Three‐Phase Behavior with Surfactant Formulation for Enhanced Oil Recovery: A Review. Part 4: Robustness of the Optimum Formulation Zone Through the Insensibility to Some Variables and the Occurrence of Complex Artifacts

Formulation Improvements in the Applications of Surfactant–Oil–Water Systems Using the HLDN Approach with Extended Surfactant Structure

In Situ, Field Scale Evaluation of Surfactant Enhanced DNAPL Recovery Using a Single-Well, Push-Pull Test

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