Phase Coherence Between Surrounding Oceans Enhances Precipitation Shortages in Northeast Brazil

Mao, Y.; Zou, Yong; Alves, Lincoln M.; Macau, Elbert E. N.; Taschetto, Andréa S.; Santoso, Agus; Kurths, Jürgen

doi:10.1029/2021gl097647

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Drought events were observed during El Ninho (1998, 2002, and 2015-2016), La Nina (2011-2012), and the 2012-2018 drought was related to a warmer tropical North Atlantic (and reinforced by an El Nino event in 2016) [21,26]. A recent study based on the nonlinear phase coherence and event synchronization analysis of sea surface temperature (SST) in the North Atlantic and Pacific oceans and the standardized precipitation index (SPI) in the NEB showed that tropical North Atlantic plays the dominant role for precipitation variability and that the indirect Pacific-North Atlantic phase synchronizations have a significant influence on the development and reinforcement of the droughts in the NEB [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space-Time Variability of Drought Characteristics in Pernambuco, Brazil

da Silva Júnior,

da Silva Araújo,

Stosic

et al. 2024

Water

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Drought is the most complex natural hazard that can occur over large spatial scales and during long time periods. It affects more people than any other natural hazard, particularly in areas with a dry climate, such as the semiarid region of the Brazilian Northeast (NEB), which is the world’s most populated dry area. In this work, we analyzed trends and the spatial distribution of drought characteristics (frequency, affected area, and intensity) based on the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) on annual (SPI-12) and seasonal (SPI-3) scales. The study used monthly precipitation data recorded between 1962 and 2012 at 133 meteorological stations in Pernambuco State, Brazil, which is located in the eastern part of the NEB and has more than 80% of its territory characterized by a semiarid climate. The regions of Sertão, Agreste, and Zona da Mata of Pernambuco were considered for comparison. The Mann–Kendall and Sen’s slope tests were used to detect the trend and determine its magnitude, respectively. The results indicated that annual droughts in the state of Pernambuco became more frequent from the 1990s onwards, with summer having the greatest spatial coverage, followed by winter, autumn, and spring. Sertão presented a greater number of stations with a significant positive trend in drought frequency. Regarding the drought-affected area, global events occurred in a greater number of years on an annual scale and during the summer. Trend analysis pointed to an increase in areas with drought events on both scales. As for the drought intensity, the entire state of Pernambuco experienced drought events with high intensity during the autumn. The relationship between drought characteristics indicated an increase in the affected area as the result of an increase in drought intensity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space-Time Variability of Drought Characteristics in Pernambuco, Brazil

da Silva Júnior,

da Silva Araújo,

Stosic

et al. 2024

Water

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“…A região semiárida do Nordeste Brasileiro (NEB) tem como principal característica as chuvas anuais baixas e irregulares (Falcão et al, 2022), com uma elevada estiagem que se reflete na paisagem, pois mesmo no período chuvoso o regime de precipitação é variável (Lira et al,2020). Recentemente Mao et al (2022) revelaram um papel dominante do Atlântico Norte tropical para déficit de precipitação e secas no NEB.…”

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Balanço de Radiação no Bioma Caatinga no Semiárido Alagoano

Querino

Júnior²,

Moura³

2022

Rev. Bras. Geog. Fis.

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Knowing of the Net Radiation dynamic is crucial to determine the exchanges of energy that happen in the surface-atmosphere system. This research aimed to study the net radiation components dynamic pattern above a Caatinga vegetation. The study was carried out in a Caatinga vegetation area in the Mourão Farm (09º42,664’ S; 37º25,008’ W ; 165m) in Pão de Acúcar municipality, State of Alagoas, Northestern of Brazil. To carry out the micrometeorological monitoring a 6.5m height tower was installed throughout period from April/2019 to October/2020, in which the incoming solar radiation (Rg), reflected solar radiation (Rr), atmospheric long wave radiation and surface long wave radiation were measured by a CNR1 of Kipp e Zonen (Delft, Holanda) net radiometer. The hourly, daily and seasonal oscillation for each component of the net radiation were evaluated. The atmosphere had shown 66.47% partly cloudy through the experimental year. The values of albedo have shown small variation of its daily monthly average values among the dry and wet season. The Rn was estimated from Rg with good accuracy regardless of the year period. The Rn was dominated by the Rg, but had presented seasonal: higher during the dry season and lower in the wet season. The seasonal variation of the short wave components (Rg, Rr, BOC) depend on the atmospheric transmissivity and less from the surface albedo, meanwhile the long waves (Ra, Rs and BOL) depend on the effective emissivity of the atmosphere and the soil temperature (Rs).

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Effects of paleoclimatic variables on suitable open habitats for Pleistocene–Holocene megafauna in South America

Machado,

de Lucena,

Canassa

et al. 2024

Quat. res.

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The cause of megafauna extinction in South America remains clouded in controversy, since it took place at a time of intense climate change and almost at the same time as the initial human influx into the continent. In this paper, we aimed to assess the effects of climate change on open vegetation habitats and, consequently, on megafauna extinction in South America by using a species distribution model, fossil records, and paleoclimatic projections. In addition, we evaluated the effects of climatic variables on the distribution of suitable habitats across South America. Our results demonstrated alternating intervals of expansion and contraction of suitable areas for megafauna persistence, mainly in response to lower and higher precipitation, in the last 21 ka in all regions of South America. However, the amplitude of this oscillation was more significant in the Brazilian Northeast. In the Andean and Chaco–Pampas regions, greater precipitation stability resulted in greater stability in habitat suitability; therefore, for these regions, other factors must have predominated for the extinction of the megafauna. We therefore concluded that in the Andean and Chaco–Pampas regions, climate change was not solely responsible for the disappearance of megafauna, but in the Brazilian Northeast, it may have been decisive.

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Phase Coherence Between Surrounding Oceans Enhances Precipitation Shortages in Northeast Brazil

Cited by 7 publications

References 48 publications

Space-Time Variability of Drought Characteristics in Pernambuco, Brazil

Space-Time Variability of Drought Characteristics in Pernambuco, Brazil

Balanço de Radiação no Bioma Caatinga no Semiárido Alagoano

Effects of paleoclimatic variables on suitable open habitats for Pleistocene–Holocene megafauna in South America

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