Phase composition of selenized Cu2ZnSnSe4 thin films determined by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy

Kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S1−x,Sex)4 film synthesis through ethanol-thermal route with sulfurization/selenization treatments

“…3, E g equals the intercept obtained by extrapolating the linear part of the function (αhυ) 2 ¼ ƒ (hυ) and making the extended plot intersect with the x-axis. Sulfurization slightly decreases the band gap from 1.46 eV to 1.43 eV, coinciding with a report in the literature [14]; continuing selenization drives E g down to 1.15 eV, just as an intrinsic characteristic of CZTSe [15]. Apparently, adjusting the Se/S ratio can tune the energy band gap of CZTS/Se.…”

Growth of Cu2ZnSnS4 absorber layer on flexible metallic substrates for thin film solar cell applications

“…However, as mentioned earlier, the result of XRD analysis alone are unreliable due to the similarity of the lattice parameters of Cu 2 SnS 3 and ZnS phases which probably form during the growth of the CZTS layer. Therefore, the comparison of XRD diffractograms and Raman spectra produce a more accurate analysis [40][41][42].…”

Anisotropic kesterite Cu2ZnSnSe4 colloidal nanoparticles: Photoelectrical and photocatalytic properties

“…The most intense peak in the Raman spectrum of tetragonal CZTSe is observed at 192 cm À1 , which corresponds to the purely anionic vibrations (A 1 mode) of selenium surrounded with motionless neighbouring atoms [17e19]. The high purity of as- synthesized CZTSe is confirmed by the absence of impurity phases as there occurred no peak at 262 cm À1 (Cu x Se), 252 cm À1 (ZnSe), 180 cm À1 (Cu 2 SnSe 3 ) and 186 cm À1 (SnSe x ) [20,21]. It has been observed that the major peak occurred in Raman spectrum is slightly red shifted from the reported values.…”