Phase compositions in magnesium-rare earth alloys containing yttrium, gadolinium or dysprosium

Apps, P.J.; Karimzadeh, H.; King, J. F.; Lorimer, G. W.

doi:10.1016/s1359-6462(02)00509-2

Cited by 95 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Mg alloys have attracted much attention for their potential use in medical applications due to the low Young's modulus (40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45) GPa) compared with Ti alloys (Ti6Al4V, 114 GPa) and stainless steels (193 GPa), appropriate strength compared to bone, good biodegradability and bioresorbability [1][2][3]. Even though Mg and its alloys have been investigated as implants for almost two centuries, implants of Mg and its alloys are yet to be commercialized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure, mechanical and corrosion properties of Mg–Dy–Gd–Zr alloys for medical applications

et al. 2013

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In previous investigations Mg-10Dy (wt.%) alloy with a good combination of corrosion resistance and cytocompatibility showed a great potential for the use as biodegradable implant material. However, the mechanical properties of Mg-10Dy alloy are not satisfactory. In order to allow the tailoring of mechanical properties required for various medical applications, four Mg-10(Dy+Gd)-0.2Zr (wt.%) alloys were investigated with respect to microstructure, mechanical and corrosion properties.With the increase of Gd content, the amount of second phase particles increased in the as-cast alloys and the age hardening response increased at 200 °C. The yield strength increased while the ductility reduced especially for peak-aged alloys with the addition of Gd. Additionally, with increasing Gd content, the corrosion rate increased in the as-cast condition due to galvanic effect, but all the alloys have a similar corrosion rate (about 0.5 mm/year) in solution treated and aged condition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure, mechanical and corrosion properties of Mg–Dy–Gd–Zr alloys for medical applications

et al. 2013

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“…A microstructural study of the Zn-free Mg-RE alloy GN72, which has the same RE elements as EV31A, has been reported. [64] In particular, an analysis of the as-cast eutectic, b, and b 1 phases was presented. In this study, no report was made in regard to a lamellar eutectic.…”

Section: Microstructure: As Castmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Friction Stir Processing on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Cast-Magnesium–Rare Earth Alloy

Freeney

Mishra

2009

Metall Mater Trans A

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Single-pass friction stir processing (FSP) was used to increase the mechanical properties of a cast Mg-Zn-Zr-rare earth (RE) alloy, Elektron 21. A fine grain size was achieved through intense plastic deformation and the control of heat input during processing. The effects of processing and heat treatment on the mechanical and microstructural properties were evaluated. An aging treatment of 16 hours at 200°C resulted in a 0.2 pct proof stress of 275 MPa in the FSP material, a 61 pct improvement over the cast + T6 condition.

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“…This technique is useful as the precipitates do not need to be removed from the matrix and can be analysed in-situ. The experimentally determined proportionality constants, k XMg, used for the analyses were determined by previous researchers [12] who had used the same equipment and operating conditions. Figure 12 shows the in-situ thin foil analyses of precipitates formed during solution treatment in alloys 2 and 3.…”

Section: As-cast and Solution Treated Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Zinc and Gadolinium on the Precipitation Sequence and Quench Sensitivity of Four Mg‐Nd‐Gd alloys

Gill¹,

Lorimer

Lyon³

2007

Adv Eng Mater

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Magnesium rare earth alloys show an excellent age hardening response, due to the decreasing solid solubility of rare earth elements with decreasing temperature-a critical requirement for age-hardening. It is known that the poor casting quality of binary Mg-Zn alloys can be improved with the addition of rare earth elements. [1] Additions of gadolinium to yttrium and neodymium-based systems have been shown to improve the mechanical properties of the alloy. [2] Previous researchers [3] showed that a 4 wt%Zn-1.5 wt%Ce misch metal alloy formed the same rod and disk-shaped precipitates as a Mg-9 wt%Zn alloy. The precipitation sequence for a Mg-2.8 wt%Nd-1.3 wt%Zn alloy was shown to be sssslow temperature reaction-c''-c. [4] The 'low temperature reaction' was either the formation of GP zones or short range atomic ordering between 50 and 150°C. The c'' precipitates formed as plates on the (0001) Mg planes between 200°C and 225°C, and were also formed during short ageing times at 250°C and 325°C. The c precipitates had a rod-like morphology and grew in the <1010> Mg and <2110> Mg directions, between 200°C and 325°C, after initial precipitation of c''.The Mg-3 wt%Nd(Zn) system has been investigated. [5] Upon ageing at 200°C, additions of 0.5 wt% Zn to the binary alloy Mg-3 wt%Nd increased the time to reach peak-hardness and delayed over-ageing. In the peak-aged condition the binary alloy precipitates were plate-shaped with habit planes parallel to the magnesium matrix prism planes. In comparison, the ternary alloy containing 1.35 wt%Zn aged under the same conditions had plate-shaped precipitates formed parallel to the (0001) Mg planes. The authors concluded that the decrease in hardness associated with the 1.35 wt%Zn alloy was due to the orientation of the plate-shaped precipitates that provided a low barrier to dislocation motion through the matrix Work has been carried out to determine the effect of zinc additions of 0 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 1 wt% and 2 wt% on a Mg-6 wt%Gd-0.6wt %Zr alloy. [6] The ageing response of the four alloys at 250°C was noted to be similar for the zinc-free and 0.5 wt% zinc alloys. The alloys containing 1 wt% and 2 wt% zinc had an enhanced ageing response. It was noted that at peak hardness at 250°C the zinc-free alloy contained sparse, coarse, plate-shaped precipitates on the prism planes of the matrix. The 1 wt% and 2 wt% zinc alloys contained plateshaped precipitates which formed on the basal planes of the magnesium matrix. These were identified as being the same as those found in Mg-RE-Zn alloys. [5,7] The research described in the present paper contributed to the development of Elektron 21 undertaken by Magnesium Elektron. The alloy was developed for use for specialist autosport and aerospace applications. ExperimentalAlloy production and solution heat treatment were carried out at Magnesium Elektron. The alloys were cast into sand moulds to form plates 20 cm × 20 cm × 3 cm. The alloy compositions are listed below:(1) Mg-2.7 wt%Nd-0.007 wt%Zn-0.35 wt%Gd-0.48 wt%Zr (2) Mg-2.8 wt%Nd-0.6 wt%Zn-0.29 wt%G...

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Phase compositions in magnesium-rare earth alloys containing yttrium, gadolinium or dysprosium

Cited by 95 publications

References 4 publications

Microstructure, mechanical and corrosion properties of Mg–Dy–Gd–Zr alloys for medical applications

Microstructure, mechanical and corrosion properties of Mg–Dy–Gd–Zr alloys for medical applications

Effect of Friction Stir Processing on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Cast-Magnesium–Rare Earth Alloy

The Effect of Zinc and Gadolinium on the Precipitation Sequence and Quench Sensitivity of Four Mg‐Nd‐Gd alloys

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