Phase diagram and emulsion stability of surfactant–fragrance systems

Zhang, Z; Denler, T; Se, Friberg; Pa, Aikens

doi:10.1046/j.1467-2494.2000.00007.x

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Alcohol-free perfumes based on micro- and nanoemulsions are already present in the patent literature [19,20,21,22], however, apart from additional solubilizers, such as polyols or paraffin hydrocarbons, the compositions of the perfumes in the above-mentioned patents have cationic or anionic surfactants, which can be an irritant to the skin. Nanoemulsions that serve as a matrix for fragrance substances used in cosmetics are also described in the literature [18,23,24,25,26,27,28] these are primarily solutions for emulsification of a single lipophilic component that forms the oil phase of a nanoemulsion (e.g., D-limonene) [18,23,24]. On the other hand, the fragrance compositions contain up to twenty compounds with various chemical structures (alcohols, phenols, aldehydes, esters, saturated, unsaturated, cyclic, and branched hydrocarbons), and as a result they are a difficult base for obtaining stable nanoemulsion systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Water-Based Nano-Perfumes

et al. 2018

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The application of nanoemulsions as a novel delivery system for lipophilic materials, such as essential oils, flavors, and fragrances is one of the growing technologies used in cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food industries. Their characteristic properties, like small droplet size with high interfacial area, transparent or semi-transparent appearance, low viscosity, and high kinetic stability, make them a perfect vehicle for fragrances, in the perfume industry. They could be a great alternative to water-based perfumes, without alcohol, and solve problems related to the oxidation and low bioavailability of fragrances with other non-alcoholic vehicles of perfumes like pomades or gels. The aim of our study was to develop stable Oil-in-Water (O/W) nanoemulsions that are compatible with selected fragrance compositions, without ethanol, polyols, and ionic surfactants, and to study their physicochemical, microbiological, and dermatological properties. The nano-perfume systems were obtained with a low-energy (Phase Inversion Composition; PIC) and with a high-energy (ultrasound, US) method, taking into account the possibility of moving from the laboratory scale to an industrial scale. The optimized nano-perfume formulations, prepared with different methods, yielded the same physicochemical properties (stability, medium droplet size of the inner phase, polydispersity, viscosity, surface tension, pH, density). Stable systems were obtained with a fragrance composition concentration within 6–15% range. These formulations had a low viscosity and a pH suitable for the skin. Moreover, the obtained results confirmed the protective role of nanoemulsions. The peroxide number measurement (POV) showed that the tested fragrance compositions had a high chemical stability. The results of the microbiological tests confirmed that the obtained products were free of microbiological contamination and were appropriately preserved. The dermatological test results confirmed the safety of the developed preparations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Water-Based Nano-Perfumes

et al. 2018

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“…[6][7][8][9][10][11] Behan et al 6 found that headspace concentrations of benzyl acetate above the surfactant solutions were directly proportional to the phase volume ratio, and in turn could be rationalized in terms of a simple partition model. One of the main methods used to study the interaction of surfactants with perfumes is evaporation measurement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of partition and localization of perfume molecules in sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles

Fan

Tang²,

Strand³

et al. 2016

Soft Matter

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The influence of perfume molecules on the self-assembly of the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and their localization in SDS micelles have been investigated by ζ potential, small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), one- and two-dimensional NMR and isothermal titration microcalorimetry (ITC). A broad range of perfume molecules varying in octanol/water partition coefficients P are employed. The results indicate that the surface charge, size and aggregation number of the SDS micelles strongly depend on the hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity degree of perfume molecules. Three distinct regions along the log P values are identified. Hydrophilic perfumes (log P < 2.0) partially incorporate into the SDS micelles and do not lead to micelle swelling, whereas hydrophobic perfumes (log P > 3.5) are solubilized close to the end of the hydrophobic chains in the SDS micelles and enlarge the micelles with higher ζ potential and a larger aggregation number. The incorporated fraction and micelle properties show increasing tendency for the perfumes in the intermediate log P region (2.0 < log P < 3.5). Besides, the molecular conformation of perfume molecules also affects these properties. The perfumes with a linear chain structure or an aromatic group can penetrate into the palisade layer and closely pack with the SDS molecules. Furthermore, the thermodynamic parameters obtained from ITC show that the binding of the perfumes in the intermediate log P region is more spontaneous than those in the other two log P regions, and the micellization of SDS with the perfumes is driven by entropy.

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“…In both perfume systems, we can find that the original peak of the synthetic perfume decreases and that a novel peak appears at a shorter retention time after the 60minute light irradiation. Hence, dependent on the density of the oil phase and on the phase changes taking place with changing the surfactantperfume ratio [10]. Moreover, we previously investigated the influence of synthetic perfumes on the stability of O/W emulsion [13].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The emulsification makes the heat resistance of synthetic perfumes high and constantly releases fragrance from the product [6,7]. So that, many studies on emulsified perfumes have been undertaken [8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability of O/W Emulsion with Synthetic Perfumes Oxidized by Singlet Oxygen

Watabe

Tokuoka

Kawashima

2013

Journal of Chemistry

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We prepared O/W emulsion composed of a synthetic perfume,n-dodecane, protoporphyrin IX disodium salt (PpIX-2Na), sodium dodecyl sulfate, and water and investigated oxidative decomposition of the synthetic perfume in the emulsion and change in the stability of the emulsion by singlet oxygen (1O2) generated by photosensitization of PpIX-2Na. We used eugenol, linalool, benzyl acetate,α-ionone,α-hexylcinnamaldehyde, andd-limonene as a synthetic perfume. The stability of the O/W emulation including eugenol and linalool significantly decreased with increasing light irradiation time. The decrease in the emulsion stability may be attributable to oxidative decomposition of eugenol and linalool by1O2and enlargement of the oil droplet size.

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Phase diagram and emulsion stability of surfactant–fragrance systems

Cited by 9 publications

References 26 publications

Preparation and Characterization of Water-Based Nano-Perfumes

Preparation and Characterization of Water-Based Nano-Perfumes

Modulation of partition and localization of perfume molecules in sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles

Stability of O/W Emulsion with Synthetic Perfumes Oxidized by Singlet Oxygen

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