“…After both the samples had been sintered at 830 • C for 50 or 200 h, SEM/EDAX was used to determine the microstructure and composition of fractured longitudinal cross sections. Figures 6(a Based on the result in [12], we think that the process of 2223 phase formation can be illustrated in figure 7; that is, it is due to the easy formation of liquid phase at the Ag/oxide interface [4,7,8], the 2223 phase preferably nucleates and grows at the Ag/oxide interface and thereby a layer parallel to the silver layer including the 2223 phase (termed the '2223 layer') is formed, then the '2223 layer' advances towards the core of the oxide layer in a face-toface fashion to minimize interface energy by transition of the 2212 to the 2223 phase, at the same time, the volume of the 2223 phase is increased in the '2223 layer'. Then two categories of new interface appear, one is the Ag/2223 interface, another is the 2223/oxide layer.…”