Phase diagram and thermodynamic modeling of PEO+organic salts+H2O and PPO+organic salts+H2O aqueous two-phase systems

Partition study of textile dye Remazol Yellow Gold RNL in aqueous two-phase systems

“…The upper phase is enriched with polymer whereas the bottom phase is rich in salt. This behavior is in agreement with other observations made for polymer/salt ATPS systems [22][23][24][25].…”

“…Most of the phase diagrams pertinent to this study have been previously reported in the literature [21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. Phase diagrams for the PEG 4000 + magnesium sulfate + water system at 298.15 K were obtained and utilized in YR partitioning studies.…”

“…To achieve the desired compositional ratio for each ATPS [21][22][23][24][25][26], appropriate amounts of [Bmim]BF 4 or PEG, salt stock solutions and water were taken into a graduated centrifuge tubes. The tubes were shaken and left to stand in a thermostatic bath at 298.15 K, for a minimum of 48 h (Marconi, MA 184, with an uncertainty of AE0.1 K).…”

Phase diagrams, densities and refractive indexes of poly(ethylene oxide)+organic salts+water aqueous two-phase systems: Effect of temperature, anion and molar mass

“…ATPSs can be formed by mixing water, in high concentration, 55-90% (w/w), with two structurally different polymers [14], or a polymer and an electrolyte [15,16], or two electrolytes [17], under specific thermodynamic conditions. Some of the important characteristics of ATPSs include low cost and toxicity, low value of interfacial tension, and high water content, which allow for a friendly environment in which solutes can be separated and purified [1,18].…”

“…Nevertheless, continuous application of inorganic salts, mainly phosphate and sulfate salts, in industrial processes can lead to several environmental problems. In view of decreasing the negative impact on the environment and increasing the application of ATPSs at the industrial level, organic salts such as sodium citrate, sodium tartrate and sodium succinate have been employed [15,16,21,[23][24][25]. These systems have allowed the study of the effect of hydrophobicity on the partitioning of different solutes in ATPSs formed with organic salts.…”