2021
DOI: 10.3390/polym13060983
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Phase Diagrams of Ternary π-Conjugated Polymer Solutions for Organic Photovoltaics

Abstract: Phase diagrams of ternary conjugated polymer solutions were constructed based on Flory-Huggins lattice theory with a constant interaction parameter. For this purpose, the poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) solution as a model system was investigated as a function of temperature, molecular weight (or chain length), solvent species, processing additives, and electron-accepting small molecules. Then, other high-performance conjugated polymers such as PTB7 and PffBT4T-2OD were also studied in the same vein of … Show more

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Cited by 11 publications
(14 citation statements)
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References 76 publications
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“…Note that in this work, the components 1, 2, and 3 correspond to solvent, polymer, and nonsolvent, respectively. Then, through the equilibrium of the chemical potential, , the binodal curve could be calculated for ternary systems 30 . Here, is defined as , and the spinodal curve and critical point could be obtained from the second and third derivatives of , respectively, according to our previous works 30 32 (see supplementary information for details).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Note that in this work, the components 1, 2, and 3 correspond to solvent, polymer, and nonsolvent, respectively. Then, through the equilibrium of the chemical potential, , the binodal curve could be calculated for ternary systems 30 . Here, is defined as , and the spinodal curve and critical point could be obtained from the second and third derivatives of , respectively, according to our previous works 30 32 (see supplementary information for details).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, the fact that π-bonded organic semiconductors can absorb light makes it very restricted to study the phase-separation point of the conjugated polymer solutions with typical experimental methods such as cloud-point measurement 28 and light scattering 29 . Hence, a theoretical approach could be a simple alternative to capturing the phase behavior of light-absorbing polymer solutions 13 , 14 , 30 32 . Accordingly, in this study, we constructed theoretically the phase diagrams of ternary solvent/polymer/NFA (or fullerene derivative) systems as a function of molecular weight, temperature, and electron-acceptor species 33 – 35 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furthermore, the spinodal curve and the critical point could be calculated according to my previous work. 67 …”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furthermore, the spinodal curve and the critical point could be calculated according to my previous work. 67 For constructing the phase diagram of ternary Ace/PVDF-HFP/PF system, the eqn ( 12) was employed, enabling the calculation of the phase boundaries. Here, it is noteworthy that the Flory-Huggins theory can consider only van-der-Waals forces in terms of the c interaction parameter.…”
Section: Phase Behavior Of Ternary Pvdf-hfp Solutionsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Conjugated organic compounds, due to their tunable optical and electronic properties, have become promising materials for applications in devices such as field effect transistors [1][2][3], photovoltaic cells [4][5][6][7][8], light-emitting diodes [9][10][11][12][13], sensors [14][15][16], and others. Understanding the relationship between the structure and optoelectronic properties of organic semiconductors is essential when designing the architecture of the above-mentioned devices in order to achieve their optimal parameters, including high efficiency [17].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%