A phase diagram of the Rb 3 Y(PO 4 ) 2 -BaRbPO 4 system for the whole range of compositions, up to a temperature of 1700°C, has been developed on the basis of the results of thermal and XRD analyses and microscopic examinations. The investigated system has an eutectic character. Limited solid solutions with the high-temperature (a) and low-temperature (b) structure of BaRbPO 4 form in this system. The maximum solubility of Rb 3 Y(PO 4 ) 2 in the high-temperature solid solution (a ss ) occurs at the eutectic temperature (1275°C), amounting to~80 mass % Rb 3 Y(PO 4 ) 2 . At 988°C, the a ss decomposes according to eutectoidal reaction: a ss ↔ b s + Rb 3 Y(PO 4 ) 2 . The maximum content of Rb 3 Y(PO 4 ) 2 in the low-temperature limited solid solution (b ss ) does not exceed 10 mass% Rb 3 Y(PO 4 ) 2 . The a ss phase has a hexagonal glaserite-like structure with the unit cell parameters a % 5.7 and b % 8.1 A.