Phase evolution and densification behavior of PBN ceramics

Piezoelectric properties of undoped and titanium or barium-doped lead metaniobate ceramics

“…For example, the addition of barium [7][8][9] (Pb x Ba 1 − x Nb 2 O 6 or PBNx) contributes for the densification of this material, but highly reduce the Curie temperature, harming the high temperature applications. Others elements also added to the PN structure, such as Pb, Ca, Mn La and Ti, 3,4,10 have been used to increase the densification rate of the PN.…”

Dielectric and piezoelectric properties of cerium-modified lead barium niobate ceramics

“…The microstructural analysis exhibited a change in the grain morphology and the results confirmed the presence of orthorhombic phase, and increasing La 3+ enhanced the orthorhombicity [9]. Phase evaluation and densification behaviour of PBN ceramics at (1 − x) = 0.7, 0.6 and 0.5 have been reported by Carmo et al [10]. Guo et al [11] have analyzed the dielectric and pyroelectric properties of PBN single crystals at cryogenic temperatures.…”

“…In the lead-rich region, PBN has an orthorhombic mm2 structure with 180 • and 90 • domains [1,2]. The presence of Ba 2+ [10] in a single orthorhombic ferroelectric phase symmetry contributes to the densification of this material. The addition of excess PbO compensated the lead loss during sintering process and enhanced the densification degree.…”

Synthesis, Structural, Electrical, and Thermal Studies of ( and ) Ferroelectric Ceramics

“…Crystallographic studies revealed that at room temperature material is found in ferroelectric orthorhombic phase and above the Curie temperature (843 K) it shows paraelectric tetragonal phase [11][12][13][14]. The activation energies calculated from dc conductivity measurement from different formalism showed the ionictype conduction in doped niobate Pb 0.74 K 0.13 Y 0.13 Nb 2 O 6 compound [15].…”