Phase evolution and strong temperature‐dependent electrostrictive effect in (1−x)Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃‐xPbTiO₃ solid solutions

Abstract

(1−x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)‐xPbTiO3 (PMN‐xPT) ceramics with x ranging from 0.1 to 0.3 were synthesized by solid‐state reaction method. X‐ray diffraction, dielectric and ferroelectric property characterizations were systematically investigated. As x rises, the PMN‐xPT transitions from a cubic to a rhombohedral phase, resulting in an enhancement in ferroelectricity. Our findings show that the electrostrain and longitudinal electrostrictive coefficient Q33 both increase and then decrease within a critical region located between the depolarization temperature TFR and Tm (corresponding to the maximum permittivity), demonstrating strong temperature‐dependent characteristics. In x = 0.2, the maximum Q33 of 0.0361 m4/C2 is obtained, and a phase diagram of studied system is built. Our findings not only shed light on the phase evolution in this system but also reveal a strong temperature‐dependent electrostrictive effect that can be used to improve electrostrains in PMN‐based solid solutions if the critical region can be regulated to a suitable temperature region using engineering strategies.

Enhanced electrostrains in PMN–xPZN solid solutions driven by a rather small electric field

“…[60][61][62] Huang et al, on the other hand, recently demonstrated a strong temperaturedependent characteristic of Q 33 in PMN-xPT ceramics with the temperature around the critical region. 22 In this PMN-xPZT system, the Q 33 value of all samples exhibits a modest upward trend as temperature rises, which could be attributed to phase transition and domain reorientation reducing the Q 33 at low temperatures, whereas the Q 33 value at high temperatures is considerably closer to the intrinsic value. It can be observed that composition x = 0.4 exhibits the best temperature stability, whereas the x = 0.5 component shows the optimum electrostrictive performance.…”

“…Previous research has shown that the reported Q 33 is generally temperature insensitive 60–62 . Huang et al., on the other hand, recently demonstrated a strong temperature‐dependent characteristic of Q 33 in PMN– x PT ceramics with the temperature around the critical region 22 . In this PMN– x PZT system, the Q 33 value of all samples exhibits a modest upward trend as temperature rises, which could be attributed to phase transition and domain reorientation reducing the Q 33 at low temperatures, whereas the Q 33 value at high temperatures is considerably closer to the intrinsic value.…”

“…The most common method for increasing T m is to combine PMN with other high Curie temperature ( T C ) FEs, such as PbTiO 3 (PT) and PZT, to generate continuous solid solutions 22,23 . Despite a significant increase in T m , the ferroelectricity of these solid solutions increases, resulting in an undesirable contribution from non‐180° domain wall motion.…”

“…The most common method for increasing T m is to combine PMN with other high Curie temperature (T C ) FEs, such as PbTiO 3 (PT) and PZT, to generate continuous solid solutions. 22,23 Despite a significant increase in T m , the ferroelectricity of these solid solutions increases, resulting in an undesirable contribution from non-180 • domain wall motion. This field-induced domain wall motion would produce nonlinear and hysteretic strain responses, resulting in unexpected complicated strain response behavior that was not present in intrinsic piezoelectricity and electrostriction.…”

Ultralow Hysteresis and a Giant Electrostrictive Coefficient in Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-Based Ferroelectric Crystals

“…We employed the Curie–Weiss law to characterize the degree of relaxation reflected in the ε r – T spectrum of the crystals , 1 ε normalr = T − T C C where C is the Curie constant. Figure shows the fitting results, with ε r starting to conform to the Curie–Weiss law at Burns temperature T B .…”