Phase formation, microstructure, and hard magnetic properties of electrodeposited FePt films

Leistner, K.; Backen, E.; Schüpp, B.; Weisheit, Martin; Schultz, L.; Schlörb, H.; Fähler, S.

doi:10.1063/1.1667438

Cited by 31 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Recently, the electrodeposition of FePt and CoPt binary alloys has been extensively studied, due to their superior magnetic properties due to the high magnetocrystalline anisotropy of the face centered tetragonal (fct) L1 0 phase [1][2][3][4][5]. So far, all the electrolytes used in practical electrodeposition processes are acidic solutions of ferrous iron (II) salts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of FePt film electrodeposited with a ferric electrolyte

Cherevko

Song

et al. 2009

Korean J. Chem. Eng.

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The electrodeposition of FePt alloy film in a novel ferric electrolyte that could be an alternative electrolyte to the usual non-stable baths was investigated. The influence of the applied current density and electrolyte temperature on the composition of the alloy was studied. It was found that co-deposition of oxygen can be reduced by deposition at higher temperature of 65 o C than room temperature. The as-deposited film had a face-centered cubic (γ-Fe,Pt) structure, and after an additional annealing process, the structure was changed to a face-centered tetragonal structure. The as-deposited FePt film also shows good resistance to corrosion and its coercivity was about 0.1T, which makes it suitable for use in applications compatible with silicon technology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of FePt film electrodeposited with a ferric electrolyte

Cherevko

Song

et al. 2009

Korean J. Chem. Eng.

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“…[18] Nanoparticulate systems can be produced by chemical synthesis [19] leading to self-organised magnetic arrays (SOMA) or by a gas-phase based process. [20] Cold deformation [15] is used to make FePt foils and electrodeposition [21] can be employed to prepare layers of several microns, both suitable for MEMS applications. Because of the ductility of the L1 0 phases, the conventional powder-metallurgical route, often used for producing permanent magnet materials, is not easily adaptable here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FePt Hard Magnets

et al. 2005

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The FePt alloys have recently attracted considerable attention due to their excellent intrinsic magnetic, chemical and mechanical properties. Their possible usage ranges from permanent magnets for special applications (e.g. in micro‐electro‐mechanical systems, magnetic MEMS, and in aggressive environments) to ultra‐high density magnetic storage media. The article describes general aspects concerning the phase formation and magnetic properties of materials based on the L10 FePt phase. Both thin film and bulk approaches are considered. The production of bulk nanocrystalline Fe100‐xPtx powders by mechanical alloying and subsequent annealing is described. Various combinations of phases, away from thermodynamic equilibrium, have been obtained using this technique.

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“…• C. [9][10][11][12] The major disadvantage for use of these materials in BPM is high annealing temperature, which can deteriorate the thermal stability of the whole stack in BPM, i.e. substrate, SUL, under layer and magnetic layer.…”

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confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition of Thin CoPt Films with Very High Perpendicular Anisotropy from Hexachloroplatinate Solution: Effect of Saccharin Additive and Electrode Substrate

Tabaković

Qiu

Dragos

2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The CoPt films with 9.7-91 at% Co and thicknesses of 15-20 nm were obtained from a new designed stable hexachloroplatinate solution at a controlled potential deposition. The effects of the substrate (Ru and Cu) and an organic additive (saccharin) on composition, crystal structure and magnetic properties of the CoPt films were studied. It was demonstrated that a Ru electrode substrate provides well-defined surface for the epitaxial growth of hcp phase, resulting in high perpendicular anisotropy. The addition of saccharin (Sacc) as an organic additive into the plating solution caused a dramatic improvement of the epitaxial growth of CoPt film on the Ru substrate. At the film thickness of interest, for bit-patterned media BPM (15-20 nm), the out-of-plane coercivity showed the highest value of 6700 Oe and the squarness M r /M s ∼1. The areal density of hard disc drives has been increasing at 25-35% per year and now it is approaching to 1 Tb/in 2 . The magnetic crystal grain volume (V) has been decreasing to several cubic nanometers which is near to the thermal instability of granular media, i.e. the superparamagnetic limit. In order to further increase the areal density thermal stability factor, K u V/kT, needs to be kept within 40-60 range. The superparamagnetic effect posses a serious challenge for continuing to increase the areal density and storage capacity of disc drives.1 In order to solve these problems the intensive research and development efforts are currently being carried out worldwide with two major concepts. The first one is to use high magnetoanisotropy (K u ) granular media, i.e. FePt or CoPt alloys, and develop a heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) writer.2 The second is to use conventional perpendicular writer and develop a bit-patterned media (BPM) that effectively increase the grain volume (V).3 Both concepts need to overcome numerous technical challenges in R&D in order to manufacture recording heads with areal density >1 Tb/in 2 and stability over 10 years of data storage.The main idea of BPM technology is that each bit is stored in a single dimensionally defined magnetic switching volume, i.e. dot. Different methods-electron beam lithography (EBL), nanoimprint lithography (NIL), block co-polymer (BCP)-for the fabrication of nano-holes with the long-range ordering and diameter of sub-20 nm corresponding to the density of ∼1 Tdot/in 2 have been demonstrated. 4,5 A typical perpendicular media comprises of a multilayer structure including a substrate covered by a soft magnetic under layer (SUL), an interlayer (seed layer) and hard patterned magnetic layer (BPM). The hard magnetic layer can be a CoPt or FePt electrodeposited alloy of hcp-crystal structure with crystalline grains oriented along the c-axis (the magnetic easy axis) in the direction normal to the film. The important magnetic property at the thickness of interest in BPM (15-20 nm) is high out-of-plane coercivity (H c ) which is largely determined by magnetocrystalline anisotropy and to a lesser extent by shape anisotropy of magneti...

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Phase formation, microstructure, and hard magnetic properties of electrodeposited FePt films

Cited by 31 publications

References 5 publications

Characterization of FePt film electrodeposited with a ferric electrolyte

Characterization of FePt film electrodeposited with a ferric electrolyte

FePt Hard Magnets

Electrodeposition of Thin CoPt Films with Very High Perpendicular Anisotropy from Hexachloroplatinate Solution: Effect of Saccharin Additive and Electrode Substrate

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