Phase I/II trials of autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in autoimmune diseases resistant to conventional therapy: preliminary results from the Spanish experience

Stem Cell Therapy in Neuroimmunological Diseases and Its Potential Neuroimmunological Complications

“…A total of 44 phase I, I/II, and II studies, as well as registered clinical trials and post hoc analyses on cell therapy for MS, were found, and a summary of the results is shown in Table 1 (for further details, see Supplementary Table S1 ) [ 9 , 17 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 ]. The number of included patients in these studies varied between five and 617, with most investigating chronic–progressive forms of MS (five trials included relapsing–remitting MS patients only).…”

“…In 24 of 43 studies, the results of autologous HSCT were reported, with a total of 1849 included patients [ 17 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ]. In all of these studies, the hematopoietic stem cells were derived from peripheral blood [ 17 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ].…”

“…In 24 of 43 studies, the results of autologous HSCT were reported, with a total of 1849 included patients [ 17 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ]. In all of these studies, the hematopoietic stem cells were derived from peripheral blood [ 17 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ]. Peripheral blood stem cells were mobilized using cyclophosphamide in combination with G-CSF (granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, n = 17), additional application of GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, n = 2), and G-CSF only ( n = 4) [ 17 , 24 , …”

“…In all of these studies, the hematopoietic stem cells were derived from peripheral blood [ 17 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ]. Peripheral blood stem cells were mobilized using cyclophosphamide in combination with G-CSF (granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, n = 17), additional application of GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, n = 2), and G-CSF only ( n = 4) [ 17 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ]. In one study, hematopoietic stem cells originated from bone marrow (harvested by bone marrow aspiration), but insufficient transplantable cells were obtained; thus, peripheral blood stem cells (mobilized by cyclophosphamide and G-CSF) were also transplanted […”

Autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for multiple sclerosis: a systematic review

“…Twelve prospective case series ( n = 250) studies, 14–23,25,27–29 one retrospective case series ( n = 9), 24 and one retrospective database study ( n = 169 evaluable patients) 26,30 that met our inclusion criteria reported on adverse events (no minimum followup period was required). However, the variability in methods for reporting adverse events, failure to report the absence of unobserved but potential adverse events in some studies, inconsistent reporting or definitions of events, and absence of control groups precluded our pooling of adverse event data for meta-analysis.…”