Phase III Integrated Water Recovery Testing at MSFC: International Space Station Configuration Test Results and Lessons Learned

Holder, Donald W.; Carter, D. Layne; Hutchens, Cindy F.

doi:10.4271/951586

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

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“…The non-wetting characteristics of urine on superhydrophobic surfaces offers attractive opportunities for applications of non-wetting surfaces to separate, contain, and transport urine streams in microgravity. As an example, an experiment modelling the current operating conditions of the urinal funnel and hose system of the ISS potty was conducted [116] [117]. Two half-sections of 5.08 cm ID polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe were used in the tests.…”

Section: Inhibition Of Surface Fouling For Aqueous Fluid Streamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Contact Distillation

Rasheed¹

2000

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Leidenfrost phenomenon has been studied extensively for its role in applications ranging from nuclear reactor cooling, to metals manufacturing, combustion, and other fields. Herein, Leidenfrost phenomenon is pursued towards non-contact distillation processes with hopes of reducing or even eliminating contaminant fouling. In particular, the microgravity environment of a drop tower is exploited to demonstrate the facility with which droplets achieve and sustain the Leidenfrost state. Dynamic Leidenfrost impacts in microgravity are presented for impacts on hydrophilic and superhydrophobic planar substrates, macro-pillar arrays, confined passageways, and others. Nearly ideal elastic non-contact impacts and droplet oscillation modes are observed. Dynamic Leidenfrost impacts in microgravity for uniquely low velocity impacts are investigated analytically and experimentally. We find Leidenfrost vapor layer thicknesses on the order of millimeters for a 1 mL droplet of water with impact velocity 1 mm/s -a 100-fold increase relative to terrestrial vapor layers. Such results are supported by preliminary experimental observations. Further droplet distillation experiments are conducted in a terrestrial gravity environment using a heated tilted rotating hemi-circular track. Droplet evaporation rates and lifetimes are tabulated for the sliding/rolling drops at varying angular velocities and tilt angles. An analytical model for the evaporation rate of a rolling Leidenfrost droplet is developed and compared to the experimental results with good agreement. The empirical and analytical results serve as key design tools for sizing a prototypical non-contact distillation system for terrestrial desalinization or spacecraft water recycling.ii

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Section: Inhibition Of Surface Fouling For Aqueous Fluid Streamsmentioning

confidence: 99%