Phase-mineral and chemical composition of coal fly ashes as a basis for their multicomponent utilization. 1. Characterization of feed coals and fly ashes☆

Vassilev, Stanislav V.; Menéndez, Rosa; Alvarez, Diego; Dı́az-Somoano, Mercedes; Martı́nez-Tarazona, M. Rosa

doi:10.1016/s0016-2361(03)00123-6

Cited by 190 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…53,54 EDS spectra (results not shown) indicated the chemical composition of these particles. The predominant elements were silicon and aluminum, with lower quantities of iron, calcium, potassium and magnesium.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Other relevant constituents (> 1.5%) are calcium, iron and potassium. As a result of this composition, the ash is classified as sialic, with high alumina and silica contents and low levels of impurities such as Fe, Ca and S. 22 According to Bieseki et al 54 the presence of these compounds diminishes the potential application of this material in zeolite synthesis. Other CFA with similar amounts of these components shows good conversion yields into zeolitic material.…”

Section: Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated Synthesis of Zeolites Using Coal Fly Ash: Element Distribution in the Products, Washing Waters and Effluent

Ferrarini¹,

Cardoso²,

Paprocki³

et al. 2016

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Coal fly ash has been proposed as an alternative raw material for zeolite synthesis, however, the mobilization of toxic elements of this material into zeolite products, washing water and effluent is rarely addressed. In this study, Brazilian coal fly ash was used in the integrated synthesis (two steps) of zeolites Na-P1 and 4A and the distribution of approximately 40 major, minor and trace elements was investigated in all the input and output flows involved in the process. The mobilization of several elements was observed in the zeolite products, a number of which are highly toxic, such as As, Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb. With regard to the amount present in the ash, both zeolites were enriched in several elements, such as Ni in zeolite Na-P1 and As in zeolite 4A. The latter exhibited high purity, with most of the elements investigated having concentrations close to those measured in commercial zeolite 4A. Important information was gathered regarding zeolite synthesis using fly ash, which will ensure safer application of these materials and, if necessary, propose a contaminant-free synthesis route.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Synthesis of Zeolites Using Coal Fly Ash: Element Distribution in the Products, Washing Waters and Effluent

Ferrarini¹,

Cardoso²,

Paprocki³

et al. 2016

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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“…Mineral matter present in coal may occur as minerals, mineraloids and as organically-associated inorganic elements [1], which may interact in different ways during combustion [2][3][4][5][6][7], coking [8] and gasification processes [9][10][11][12][13]. A distinction is sometimes made between "included minerals" and "excluded minerals", especially in pulverized fuel combustion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behaviour of coal mineral matter in sintering and slagging of ash during the gasification process

Matjie

French

Ward

et al. 2011

Fuel Processing Technology

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The mineral matter in typical feed coals used in South African gasification processes and the ash derived from gasifying such coals have been investigated using a variety of mineralogical, chemical and electron microscope techniques. The mineral matter in the feed coals consists mainly of kaolinite, with minor proportions of quartz, illite, dolomite, calcite and pyrite plus traces of rutile and phosphate minerals. The calcite and dolomite occur in veins within the vitrinite macerals, and are concentrated in the floats fraction after density separation. Some Ca and Ti also appear to be present as inorganic elements associated with the organic matter. Electron microscope studies show that the gasification ash is typically made up of partly altered fragments of non-coal rock, bonded together by a slag-like material containing anorthite and mullite crystals and iron oxide particles, with interstitial vesicular glass of calcic to iron-rich composition. Ash formation and characteristics thus appear to be controlled by reactions at the particle scale, allowing the different types of particles within the feed coal to interact with each other in a manner controlled mainly by the modes of mineral occurrence. Integration of such techniques provides an improved basis for evaluating ash-forming processes, based on quantitative phase identification, bulk and particle chemistry, and the geometric forms in which the different phases occur.

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“…The chemical composition of FA can be determined by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and spectrometry techniques. Researchers [70][71][72][73][74][75][76] have reported that FA is composed of SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, Na2O, K2O, TiO2, P2O5, and small amounts of MnO, BaO, and SO3. The detailed chemical composition of fly ash is given in Table 2.…”

Section: Chemical and Mineralogical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Multifunctional Hybrid Composites Using Fly Ash to Control Environmental Pollutants: A Review

Ge¹,

Yoon²,

Choi³

2018

Preprint

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Air pollutants such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2), as well as water pollutants including heavy metal, are harmful to human and environment. Effective control and reduction of their pollution is therefore an important topic for today's scientists. Fly ash (FA) is a type of industrial waste that can cause multiple environmental problems if discharged into the air. On the other hand, because of its high porosity, large specific surface area, and other unique characteristics, the FA can also be used as a low-cost and high efficient adsorbent with some simple modifications. This paper reviews the effects of FA on treatment of the above air and water pollution based on our research experience over many years, including to the current status of global FA utilization, physicochemical properties, principle of adsorption, and the application direction of FA in the future. It focuses on the use of nanocomposite technology to fabricate functional FA fibrous membranes to adsorb VOCs from air, and treat heavy metal wastewater. This present review first describes the fabrication technology of FA nanocomposites and their mechanism of adsorption VOCs from air. Utilization of nanofiber technology to fabricate multi-functional FA emerging composite materials to mitigate air and water pollution has great potential in the future, especially use of pollutant material to control other pollutants.

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Phase-mineral and chemical composition of coal fly ashes as a basis for their multicomponent utilization. 1. Characterization of feed coals and fly ashes☆

Cited by 190 publications

References 15 publications

Integrated Synthesis of Zeolites Using Coal Fly Ash: Element Distribution in the Products, Washing Waters and Effluent

Integrated Synthesis of Zeolites Using Coal Fly Ash: Element Distribution in the Products, Washing Waters and Effluent

Behaviour of coal mineral matter in sintering and slagging of ash during the gasification process

Fabrication of Multifunctional Hybrid Composites Using Fly Ash to Control Environmental Pollutants: A Review

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