Phase-out or lock-in fossil fuels? Least developed countries’ burning dilemma

Saha, Choyon Kumar; Carter, Angela

doi:10.1016/j.exis.2022.101140

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Europe's dramatic reduction of Russian gas imports following the invasion of Ukraine sparked a new dash for gas supplies and, in some cases, heightened reliance on coal power. Second, pressing energy and economic needs in developing countries are driving increased fossil fuel consumption and production (Saha & Carter, 2022). The need to leapfrog to clean energy systems is hampered by insufficient international finance (Pachauri et al, 2022).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten new insights in climate science 2023

Bustamante,

Roy,

Ospina

et al. 2023

Glob. Sustain.

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Non-technical summary. We identify a set of essential recent advances in climate change research with high policy relevance, across natural and social sciences: (1) looming inevitability and implications of overshooting the 1.5°C warming limit, (2) urgent need for a rapid and managed fossil fuel phase-out, (3) challenges for scaling carbon dioxide removal, (4) uncertainties regarding the future contribution of natural carbon sinks, (5) intertwinedness of the crises of biodiversity loss and climate change, (6) compound events, (7) mountain glacier loss, (8) human immobility in the face of climate risks, (9) adaptation justice, and (10) just transitions in food systems. Technical summary. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Assessment Reports provides the scientific foundation for international climate negotiations and constitutes an unmatched resource for researchers. However, the assessment cycles take multiple years. As a contribution to cross-and interdisciplinary understanding of climate change across diverse research communities, we have streamlined an annual process to identify and synthesize significant research advances. We collected input from experts on various fields using an online questionnaire and prioritized a set of 10 key research insights with high policy relevance. This year, we focus on: (1) the looming overshoot of the 1.5°C warming limit, (2) the urgency of fossil fuel phase-out, (3) challenges to scale-up carbon dioxide removal, (4) uncertainties regarding future natural carbon sinks, (5) the need for joint governance of biodiversity loss and climate change, (6) advances in understanding compound events, (7) accelerated mountain glacier loss, (8) human immobility amidst climate risks, (9) adaptation justice, and (10) just transitions in food systems. We present a succinct account of these insights, reflect on their policy implications, and offer an integrated set of policy-relevant messages. This science synthesis and science communication effort is also the basis for a policy report contributing to elevate climate science every year in time for the United Nations Climate Change Conference. Social media summary. We highlight recent and policy-relevant advances in climate change researchwith input from more than 200 experts.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten new insights in climate science 2023

Bustamante,

Roy,

Ospina

et al. 2023

Glob. Sustain.

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“…Pye et al (2020) present evidence and modelling to show that even if an entitlement to provide future fossil fuel supply were redistributed primarily to lower-income countries-which faces large practical barriers-the benefits for those countries are limited by trade and energy system costs, falling prices, and negative side effects. Fossil fuel infrastructure often has strongly negative health impacts on poor people via air pollution, displacement, and destruction of natural ecosystems that provide sources of income (Saha and Carter 2022 ;Du et al 2023 ; see also section 3 of this paper). By contrast, short-term profits often benefit foreign investors or, to the extent they flow to domestic interest groups, increase potential "resource curse" effects: clientelism and rent-seeking that depress growth (Lane and Tornel 1996 ;Saha and Carter 2022 ).…”

Section: Strategic Choices Over Development and Vectors For Impacts O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fossil fuel infrastructure often has strongly negative health impacts on poor people via air pollution, displacement, and destruction of natural ecosystems that provide sources of income (Saha and Carter 2022 ;Du et al 2023 ; see also section 3 of this paper). By contrast, short-term profits often benefit foreign investors or, to the extent they flow to domestic interest groups, increase potential "resource curse" effects: clientelism and rent-seeking that depress growth (Lane and Tornel 1996 ;Saha and Carter 2022 ). However, some authors ask whether similar effects could occur in some countries due to the extraction of transition minerals or renewable energy exports, pointing to the importance of domestic political economy for ensuring that green investments support broad-based development (Månberger and Johansson 2019 ;Leonard et al 2022 ).…”

Section: Strategic Choices Over Development and Vectors For Impacts O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Climate Action and Poverty Reduction

Lankes,

Macquarie,

Soubeyran

et al. 2023

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There is growing awareness that actions by policymakers and international organizations to reduce poverty, and those to mitigate and adapt to climate change, are inextricably linked and interwoven. This paper examines relevant academic and policy literature and evidence on this relationship and explores the potential for a new form of development that simultaneously mitigates climate change, manages its impacts, and improves the wellbeing of people in poverty. First, as a key foundation, it outlines the backdrop in basic moral philosophy, noting that climate action and poverty reduction can be motivated both by a core principle based on the right to development and by the conventional consequentialism that is standard in economics. Second, it reviews assessments of the current and potential future impacts of weakly managed climate change on the wellbeing of those in poverty, paying attention to unequal effects, including by gender. Third, it examines arguments and literature on the economic impacts of climate action and policies and how those affect the wellbeing of people in poverty, highlighting the importance of market failures, technological change, systemic dynamics of transition, and distributional effects of mitigation and adaptation. Finally, the paper surveys the current state of knowledge and understanding of how climate action and poverty reduction can be integrated in policy design, indicating where further research can contribute to a transition that succeeds in both objectives.

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“…On a global scale, the geographic regions and sociopolitical groups of the world most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and ecological devastation are also the ones with the largest per-capita population growth [20,21]. These regions and populations are disproportionately facing the losses and damages associated with climate change while bearing the least of the responsibility for causing the calamity, an issue exposed front and center at the COP27 conference in Egypt [22].…”

Section: Preparing For the Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It also means wealthy nations are going to need to enact dramatic changes to address climate change. Another consequence of this pattern is the LDNs will be pressured to catapult into a high-tech future while leap-frogging the scaffolds of fossil fuels if they are to obtain equitable access to economic prosperity [20]. Educators, both formal and informal, have a powerful role to play in preparing youth for changing this reality.…”

Section: Preparing For the Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

The Goals of Science Education Should Be Linked to the Central Tenets of Sustainable Development, Equity, and Social Justice

C. Kyle,

Jr.,

A. Belciak

2024

STEM Education - Recent Developments and Emerging Trends

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In this chapter, we offer a rationale for why science educators ought to become active agents in facilitating the engagement of youth as they acquire the knowledge and skills to address global challenges facing humanity. The youth of today are demanding action. Science educators have a responsibility to facilitate learners - and their communities - as they transform and reinvent the world they are inheriting. Science education is a primary means of investing in human resources. The youth of today must be able to address complex everyday issues that are yet unforeseen. This is not a modest goal, but it must be accomplished. All learners must have access to an equitable education. We must bridge the divide and facilitate dialog between formal and informal/free-choice educators, as well as disciplinary and interdisciplinary science educators. Today’s youth recognize the consequence of failing to transform towards a more sustainable, equitable, and socially just future is profound.

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Phase-out or lock-in fossil fuels? Least developed countries’ burning dilemma

Cited by 7 publications

References 44 publications

Ten new insights in climate science 2023

Ten new insights in climate science 2023

The Relationship between Climate Action and Poverty Reduction

The Goals of Science Education Should Be Linked to the Central Tenets of Sustainable Development, Equity, and Social Justice

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