Phase partition of organic pollutants between coal tar and water under variable experimental conditions

Mahjoub, Borhane

doi:10.1016/s0043-1354(00)00100-7

Cited by 55 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The observed dissolution kinetics of these compounds into water was similar to that described for water solublecompounds from other dense non-aqueous phase liquids (Mahjoub et al 2000;Peters and Luthy 1993). Mahjoub et al (2000) described an initial quasi-instantaneous dissolution step for phenol, naphthalene, and phenanthrene from coal tar, which they attributed to a surface washing phenomenon that occurred when the tar and water first came into contact. Subsequent release of these compounds was limited to transfer from the solid material to the tar/ water interface via diffusion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Buried wood tars, however, maintained higher concentrations of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds that were gradually lost during weathering. When fresh wood tar was placed in water, phenol, cresols, and 2,4-dimethylphenol were released quasi-instantaneously, followed by a slower dissolution step, consistent with the release mechanism reported for water-soluble organics from other dense non-aqueous liquids (Mahjoub et al 2000).…”

supporting

confidence: 83%

“…The observed tendency of wood tar in water to lose semivolatile organic compounds, become more brittle and break down into smaller particle sizes in a stirred reactor, suggests that exposed material in the environment will continue to generate new surface area and allow continued diffusion of SVOCs. Although phenol dissolution from coal tar was slightly enhanced at pH 8 versus 6 due to increased formation of its more soluble ionized form (Mahjoub et al 2000), this phenomenon was not a factor in wood tar experiments as the aqueous pH decreased continuously. This latter response was likely due to the slow release of acetic acid, produced during the destructive distillation process, sequestered within the solid matrix.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In addition, a dull-luster film, similar to that seen on field samples, formed on the surface of the wood tar after about 24 h contact with water. The kinetics of soluble compound diffusion into water is believed to be further controlled by this layer (Mahjoub et al 2000;Eberhardt and Grathwohl 2002). The observed tendency of wood tar in water to lose semivolatile organic compounds, become more brittle and break down into smaller particle sizes in a stirred reactor, suggests that exposed material in the environment will continue to generate new surface area and allow continued diffusion of SVOCs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Waste Tar Associated with Abandoned Wood Chemical Plant Sites in Northwest Pennsylvania, USA

Edenborn

Severson

2007

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Over 70 wood chemical plants operated in northern Pennsylvania between ca. 1890 and 1950, all located within 72 km of the New York state border. Their original purpose was to salvage the small unwanted hardwood trees left behind by the lumber mills, and to make charcoal, calcium acetate and methanol for a number of industrial uses via destructive distillation. At many old wood chemical plant sites, unknown quantities of wood tar remain as a residual contaminant and pose a pollution threat to aquatic life in nearby streams. Research on the composition and properties of residual wood tars from five abandoned industrial sites in Pennsylvania are described. Weathered wood tars were more viscous and contained fewer volatile and semivolatile organic compounds than did soil-buried tars. Phenol, 2-methylphenol (o-cresol), 4-methylphenol (p-cresol), and 2, 4-dimethylphenol were found in all sampled tars. These water-soluble phenolic compounds were released quasi-instantaneously in aqueous solution, followed by a slower rate of release, consistent with the behavior of similar compounds in other dense non-aqueous liquids. Air-exposed wood tar deposits developed a hard crust, which contained fewer volatiles and semivolatiles and had a higher softening point than other samples. These tars eroded to form a powdered soil colonized by lichens and mosses. Residual wood tar material found at one site was shown to be thermally altered, likely during the historical destruction of the chemical plant by fire. Recovered wood tar wastes have a relatively high heating value and may have use as a potential, but limited, alternate energy source.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

supporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Characterization of Waste Tar Associated with Abandoned Wood Chemical Plant Sites in Northwest Pennsylvania, USA

Edenborn

Severson

2007

Water Air Soil Pollut

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“…As such the solvent should minimize interference with the physicochemical properties of the solute Mahjoub et al, 2000). The PAHs studied with their associated purities were Naphthalene 98%, 1-Methylnaphthalene 99%, 2-Methylnaphthalene 99%, Acenaphthene 99%, Phenanthrene (Phe) 98%, and Anthracene 99%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the subcooled liquid solubilities of PAHs in partitioning batch experiments

Liu

Haderlein

et al. 2013

Geoscience Frontiers

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a b s t r a c tSubcooled liquid solubility is the water solubility for a hypothetical state of liquid. It is an important parameter for multicomponent nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which can exist as liquids even though most of the solutes are solid in their pure form at ambient temperature. So far, subcooled liquid solubilities were estimated from the solid water solubility and fugacity ratio of the solid and (subcooled) liquid phase, but rarely derived from experimental data. In our study, partitioning batch experiments were performed to determine the subcooled liquid solubility of PAHs in NAPL-water system. For selected PAH, a series of batch experiments were carried out at increased mole fractions of the target component in the NAPL and at a constant NAPL/ water volume ratio. The equilibrium aqueous PAH concentrations were measured with HPLC and/or GC-MS. The subcooled liquid solubility was derived by extrapolation of the experimental equilibrium aqueous concentration to a mole fraction of unity. With the derived subcooled liquid solubility, the fugacity ratio and enthalpy of fusion of the solute were also estimated. Our results show a good agreement between the experimentally determined and published data.

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Biosorption of Phenol onto Posidonia oceanica (L.) Seagrass in Batch System: Equilibrium and Kinetic Modelling

2006

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In this research, the biosorption of phenol using the fibres of a Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) was studied. Batch experimental procedures were made to investigate the ability of this novel marine biomass to remove phenol from aqueous phase. The influences of pH and contact time at different initial concentrations were evaluated. The results showed that biosorption capacity was enhanced using solution pH equal to 5.2. The modelling results showed that pseudo‐second‐order and Redlich‐Peterson models were found to be the most suitable to satisfactory describe the kinetic and equilibrium adsorption data, respectively.

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Phase partition of organic pollutants between coal tar and water under variable experimental conditions

Cited by 55 publications

References 18 publications

Characterization of Waste Tar Associated with Abandoned Wood Chemical Plant Sites in Northwest Pennsylvania, USA

Characterization of Waste Tar Associated with Abandoned Wood Chemical Plant Sites in Northwest Pennsylvania, USA

Determination of the subcooled liquid solubilities of PAHs in partitioning batch experiments

Biosorption of Phenol onto Posidonia oceanica (L.) Seagrass in Batch System: Equilibrium and Kinetic Modelling

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