Phase-sensitive excitation of atomic systems and semiconductor quantum wells by non-classical light

Abstract

The interaction of 3-level atom with two resonant quantum fields is investigated and an analytical solution is obtained. The effect of coherent population trapping and formation of a 'dark' state is analyzed. The atomic and field dynamics is found to be very sensitive to the photon statistics and relative phases of the initial quantum field states. The effect of quantum 'death' and 'birth' of atomic transitions and mean photon number evolution is demonstrated. Strong entanglement between atomic and field subsystems arising during the interaction is found and studied in details.

Dark-state and loss-induced phenomena in the quantum-optical regime of Λ -type three-level systems

“…In this article, we investigate the interaction between 3LS and different kinds of quantum light. Extending a previous investigation [4] we demonstrate dark state phenomena such as EIT and CPT in the quantum-optical regime in the presence of losses. In contrast to CPT, EIT was not yet demonstrated within a quantum-optical model taking into account photon statistics of quantum fields.…”

“…Contrary to a conventional treatment, the presence of losses enables the control of the population dynamics, which we will demonstrate below focusing on CPT. In atomic three-level systems with the first and the second levels populated initially, CPT can be achieved by introducing an initial relative phase between the populated atomic states, the states of light, or the dipole matrix elements [1,4]. This is not possible when only the lowest electronic level is initially populated.…”

“…Three-level systems (3LS) are a brilliant concept in optics as they are frequently used for the approximate description of atomic systems as well as semiconductors and semiconductor nanostructures in situations where predominantly two transitions can be excited [1][2][3]. Here, we consider a Λ system [4][5][6][7] which has been utilized for both, the study of optical excitations with classical light [8,9], and for effects that are exclusive observed for the quantum-optical regime [10]. Λ systems can be realized in different ways: from optically pumped semiconductor quantum wells enclosed in optical microcavities [11,12] to charged semiconductor quantum dots [13,14] and doped semiconductors in strong magnetic fields [15].…”

Steady states of $Λ$-type three-level systems excited by quantum light in lossy cavities

“…It should be noted that none of these systems can be solved exactly analytically, since the amount of coupled differential equations is at least six, which in general does not allow for an analytical diagonalization. Therefore, we obtain our analytical solutions by fitting the numerical simulation, while assuring that κ = 0 leads to the exact analytical solution, which was shown in [25]. This is realized by solving the problem numerically for different κ and determining the analytical functions and coefficients that fit the numerical solution, so that the dependence on κ can be identified.…”

Peculiarities of Interaction of a Quantum Dot with Non-Classical Light in the Self-Phase Modulation Regime

“…Such feature is referred to as the entanglement [25,26,27] between the quantum dot and the field and its degree can be characterized by the Schmidt parameter which is determined by the inverse trace of the square of reduced quantum dot density matrix ρ qd and can be calculated as follows [24,25,27]:…”