Phase stability and magnetic behavior of FeCrCoNiGe high-entropy alloy

Huang, Shuo; Vida, Ádám; Molnár, Dávid; Kádas, Krisztina; Varga, L.K.; Holmström, Erik; Vitos, Levente

doi:10.1063/1.4938398

Cited by 40 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…These include their use as protective coatings owing to their good corrosion and wear resistance 1,80,84,115,170,171,[219][220][221][222][223][224][225][226][227][228][229][230][231] (see review of laser-deposited HEA coatings by Zhang et al 232 ), as alloys for bulk metallic glasses, 11,[233][234][235][236] and even as materials for hydrogen storage 237 and diffusion barriers. 1,181,182 There has also been interest in their magnetic 1,10,97,[238][239][240][241][242][243] and thermoelectric properties. 244 These properties and applications, and others, are discussed in more detail in the reviews by Zhang et al 14 and Tsai et al 6 The authors consider one of the most promising potential applications for HEAs is as structural materials, and this is addressed specifically in the following text.…”

Section: A Route For Alloy Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-entropy alloys: a critical assessment of their founding principles and future prospects

Pickering

Jones

2016

International Materials Reviews

742

299

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High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are a relatively new class of materials that have gained considerable attention from the metallurgical research community over recent years. They are characterised by their unconventional compositions, in that they are not based around a single major component, but rather comprise multiple principal alloying elements. Four core effects have been proposed in HEAs: (1) the entropic stabilisation of solid solutions, (2) the severe distortion of their lattices, (3) sluggish diffusion kinetics and (4) that properties are derived from a cocktail effect. By assessing these claims on the basis of existing experimental evidence in the literature, as well as classical metallurgical understanding, it is concluded that the significance of these effects may not be as great as initially believed. The effect of entropic stabilisation does not appear to be overarching, insufficient evidence exists to establish the strain in the lattices of HEAs, and rapid precipitation observed in some HEAs suggests their diffusion kinetics are not necessarily anomalously slow in comparison to conventional alloys. The meaning and influence of the cocktail effect is also a matter for debate. Nevertheless, it is clear that HEAs represent a stimulating opportunity for the metallurgical research community. The complex nature of their compositions means that the discovery of alloys with unusual and attractive properties is inevitable. It is suggested that future activity regarding these alloys seeks to establish the nature of their physical metallurgy, and develop them for practical applications. Their use as structural materials is one of the most promising and exciting opportunities. To realise this ambition, methods to rapidly predict phase equilibria and select suitable HEA compositions are needed, and this constitutes a significant challenge. However, while this obstacle might be considerable, the rewards associated with its conquest are even more substantial. Similarly, the challenges associated with comprehending the behaviour of alloys with complex compositions are great, but the potential to enhance our fundamental metallurgical understanding is more remarkable. Consequently, HEAs represent one of the most stimulating and promising research fields in materials science at present.

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Section: A Route For Alloy Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-entropy alloys: a critical assessment of their founding principles and future prospects

Pickering

Jones

2016

International Materials Reviews

742

299

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“…7 It was observed that the T C increased to 355 K and 640 K when Al and Ge, respectively, were added to the FeCoNiCr alloy. 8 The change in T C was accompanied by structural decomposition into a mixture of FCC and BCC solid solution phases. In this work, the effect of non-magnetic components on the ferromagnetic transition and magnetic behaviors of equiatomic FeCoNiCrX (X=Al, Ga, Mn and Sn) HEAs was investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Room-temperature ferromagnetic transitions and the temperature dependence of magnetic behaviors in FeCoNiCr-based high-entropy alloys

Na¹,

Yoo

Lambert

et al. 2017

AIP Advances

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High-entropy alloys (HEAs) containing multiple principle alloying elements exhibit unique properties so they are currently receiving great attention for developing innovative alloy designs. In FeCoNi-based HEAs, magnetic behaviors strongly depend on the addition of alloying elements, usually accompanied by structural changes. In this work, the effect of non-magnetic components on the ferromagnetic transition and magnetic behaviors in equiatomic FeCoNiCrX (X=Al, Ga, Mn and Sn) HEAs was investigated. Alloy ingots of nominal compositions of HEAs were prepared by arc melting and the button ingots were cut into discs for magnetic measurements as functions of magnetic field and temperature. The HEAs of FeCoNiCrMn and FeCoNiCrSn show typical paramagnetic behaviors, composed of solid solution FCC matrix, while the additions of Ga and Al in FeCoNiCr exhibit ferromagnetic behaviors, along with the coexistence of FCC and BCC phases due to spinodal decomposition. The partial phase transition in both HEAs with the additions of Ga and Al would enhance ferromagnetic properties due to the addition of the BCC phase. The saturation magnetization for the base alloy FeCoNiCr is 0.5 emu/g at the applied field of 20 kOe (TC = 104 K). For the HEAs of FeCoNiCrGa and FeCoNiCrAl, the saturation magnetization significantly increased to 38 emu/g (TC = 703 K) and 25 emu/g (TC = 277 K), respectively. To evaluate the possibility of solid solution FCC and BCC phases in FeCoNiCr-type HEAs, we introduced a parameter of valence electron concentration (VEC). The proposed rule for solid solution formation by the VEC was matched with FeCoNiCr-type HEAs.

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“…The term cocktail effect refers to the fact that some properties (e.g., mechanical or magnetic ones) cannot be approximated from linear interactions among the different elements and phases. This class of alloys has attracted a lot of attention due to promising mechanical [4][5][6][7][8], electric [9,10] and magnetic properties [11,12]. The core effects have originally been assumed to be responsible for the excellent properties of HEAs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lattice Distortions in the FeCoNiCrMn High Entropy Alloy Studied by Theory and Experiment

Leyson

et al. 2016

Entropy

178

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Lattice distortions constitute one of the main features characterizing high entropy alloys. Local lattice distortions have, however, only rarely been investigated in these multi-component alloys. We, therefore, employ a combined theoretical electronic structure and experimental approach to study the atomistic distortions in the FeCoNiCrMn high entropy (Cantor) alloy by means of density-functional theory and extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. Particular attention is paid to element-resolved distortions for each constituent. The individual mean distortions are small on average, <1%, but their fluctuations (i.e., standard deviations) are an order of magnitude larger, in particular for Cr and Mn. Good agreement between theory and experiment is found.

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Phase stability and magnetic behavior of FeCrCoNiGe high-entropy alloy

Cited by 40 publications

References 37 publications

High-entropy alloys: a critical assessment of their founding principles and future prospects

High-entropy alloys: a critical assessment of their founding principles and future prospects

Room-temperature ferromagnetic transitions and the temperature dependence of magnetic behaviors in FeCoNiCr-based high-entropy alloys

Lattice Distortions in the FeCoNiCrMn High Entropy Alloy Studied by Theory and Experiment

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