Polycrystalline zircon-type dysprosium orthovanadate, DyVO4, prepared from a single crystal grown by slow cooling from PbO/PbF2 ux, was studied by X-ray diraction. Rietveld renement provided the following unit cell size and oxygen atom coordinates: a = 7.14811(4) Å; c = 6.30825 (4) 2082(4) which are of a particularly high accuracy and show consistency with earlier reported values. Density functional theory calculations within the generalized gradient approximation for the exchange-correlation energy were also performed, providing values of structure parameters which dier by less than 2% from the experimental ones. The agreement between theory and experiment demonstrates the value of these calculations for understanding the structure of compounds of RVO4 family. In addition, density functional theory calculations were performed for the scheelite-type DyVO4; also for this polymorph the discrepancy with the only known set of lattice parameters is less than 2%. Values of oxygen atom coordinates have not been reported yet for this polymorph; here, the calculated ones are quoted.