Phase Transformations in Metals and Alloys

Porter, David; Easterling, K. E.; Sherif, Mohamed Y.

doi:10.1201/9781003011804

Cited by 224 publications

(273 citation statements)

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“…The EDS elemental analysis confirmed that the drop was extracted Na ions (red line), as shown in Figure 5 b. Because crystalline metals tend to equilibrate toward the morphology with the lowest total surface energy [ 24 ], the extracted Na drop eventually formed into a polygonal shape. The Na ion extraction was recorded in Movie S4 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

In Situ TEM Study of Structural Changes in Na-β″-Alumina Using Electron Beam Irradiation

Kim

2022

Materials

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Real-time structural changes in Na-β″-alumina were observed in situ using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with electron beam irradiation. Na-β″-alumina has been widely investigated as a solid electrolyte material for sodium–sulfur secondary batteries owing to its high ionic conductivity. This high conductivity is known to be due to the Na+ ions on the loosely packed conduction planes of Na-β″-alumina. In the present study, we acquired real-time videos of the generation of spinel blocks caused by the conduction of Na+ ions. In addition, by observing Na extraction during electron beam irradiation, we experimentally confirmed that spinel block generation originates from the Na+ ion conduction, which has been a subject of recent debate.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

In Situ TEM Study of Structural Changes in Na-β″-Alumina Using Electron Beam Irradiation

Kim

2022

Materials

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“…The age hardening rate of the Fe-30Mn-9Al-1Si-1C-0.5Mo lightweight steel alloy is strongly associated with the solution treatment temperature. It has been well established that age hardening of metallic alloys is typically controlled by three factors: (1) the degree of super saturation, (2) the vacancy concentration, and (3) the diffusion distance and path [ 25 ]. The lowest STQ temperature used in this study was 1173 K, which is 50 K greater than the maximum κ-carbide dissolution temperature recorded for this alloy through in situ synchrotron analysis by Ley et al [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alloy Partitioning Effect on Strength and Toughness of κ-Carbide Strengthened Steels

et al. 2022

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Alloy partitioning during heat treatment in a lightweight precipitation hardened steel was investigated using transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography. The mechanical properties are discussed as a function of the effect of solution treatment temperature and aging time, giving rise to variations in chemical modulation. A wrought lightweight steel alloy with a nominal composition of Fe-30Mn-9Al-1Si-1C-0.5Mo (wt. %) was solution-treated between 1173–1273 K and aged at 773 K. Lower solution treatment temperatures retained a finer grain size and accelerated age hardening response that also produced an improved work hardening behavior with a tensile strength of −1460 MPa at 0.4 true strain. Atom probe tomography indicated these conditions also had reduced modulation in the Si and Al content due to the reduced aging time preventing silicon from diffusing out of the κ-carbide into the austenite. This work provides the framework for heat-treating lightweight, age hardenable steels with high strength and improved energy absorption.

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“…As is well known, (Fe,Mn) 3 C heterogeneously precipitates on high-energy sites such as grain boundaries, free surfaces, interphase boundaries, stacking faults, dislocations, and vacancies [ 28 ]. Klinkenberg et al (2004) [ 29 ] studied the precipitation of NbC in a HSLA steel and found that the NbC particles heterogeneously nucleate on dislocations, sub-grains, grains and phase boundaries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Cold Deformation on Carbide Precipitation Kinetics in a Fe-22Mn-0.45C TWIP Steel

et al. 2022

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The carbide precipitation kinetics in a Fe-22Mn-0.45C TWIP steel subjected to three different cold-deformation levels, annealed at various temperatures, were studied. The studied carbides included chemical compositions, morphology, precipitation sites, volume fraction, and size. Manganese carbides were precipitated in a temperature range between 525 and 650 °C. Volume fraction increased with cold-deformation and decreased with annealing temperature. Carbide size increased with cold-deformation and annealing temperatures up to 625 °C, suffering a notable reduction at 650 °C. Precipitation kinetics were described by means of precipitation curves for 0.1% (vol.) of Fe-Mn-carbides. A kinetic model was used, and two stages were found. Complementarily, austenite grain size and microhardness were also measured. With increases in annealing time, microhardness decreased until it reached a nearly constant value, indicating that recrystallization was complete, while, with increases in annealing temperature, grain size increased.

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Phase Transformations in Metals and Alloys

Cited by 224 publications

References 0 publications

In Situ TEM Study of Structural Changes in Na-β″-Alumina Using Electron Beam Irradiation

In Situ TEM Study of Structural Changes in Na-β″-Alumina Using Electron Beam Irradiation

Alloy Partitioning Effect on Strength and Toughness of κ-Carbide Strengthened Steels

Influence of Cold Deformation on Carbide Precipitation Kinetics in a Fe-22Mn-0.45C TWIP Steel

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