Phased array calibration system with high accuracy and low complexity

Kim, Sol; Dong, Hyun-Jun; Yu, Jong‐Won; Lee, Hanlim

doi:10.1016/j.aej.2023.02.026

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The NFTR probe is aligned to the antenna elements as per the measurement plane. The respective phase error of each element is acquired and then corrected by compensating the suitable phase state through the control and phase shifter module 40 , 41 . This process is repeated for both the resonances to ensure nearly zero beam pointing error and minimum SLL.…”

Section: Experimental Characterization Of Dual-band Dual-polarized ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-band dual-polarized sub-6 GHz phased array antenna with suppressed higher order modes

Barad,

Dash,

Sarkar

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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This manuscript proposes a dual-band dual-polarized 64-element phased array antenna (PAA) with suppressed higher order modes (HoMs). Each array element is a microstrip patch structure with complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) loading, allowing for simultaneous dual-band and dual-polarization performance at 3.45 GHz and 3.87 GHz. The proposed PAA exhibits impedance matching of $$\le - 20$$ ≤ - 20 dB at 3.45 GHz and 3.87 GHz while limiting the mutual coupling below $$- 19$$ - 19 dB between the adjacent elements at both the operating bands. The proposed design includes a plated through hole placed near the CSRR loading to suppress any higher-order modes (HOMs). Two antenna prototypes, without and with HOMs suppression techniques are fabricated and measured. In addition, we demonstrate the beam steering of the proposed PAA up to $$\pm 60^0$$ ± 60 0 using an off-the-shelf 6-bit phase shifter module. The proposed 64 -element array achieves a gain of 23 dBi, and shows a minimal steering loss of $$\simeq 3$$ ≃ 3 dB over the steering angle.

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Section: Experimental Characterization Of Dual-band Dual-polarized ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-band dual-polarized sub-6 GHz phased array antenna with suppressed higher order modes

Barad,

Dash,

Sarkar

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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show abstract

“…The near-field or far-field probing methods usually employ rotating-element electric-field vector (REV) method [27], [28], [29]. The REV method is inefficient for large-scale antenna array calibration since the calibration time increased drastically as the number of antennas increases and in particular, near-field probing methods are only suitable for off-line calibration [5], [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, it is difficult to verify the correct combination of signals in the far-field due to the limited feedback path [16]. Therefore, studies in [22], [27], [28], [29] are not suitable for large-scale antenna array calibration. The method in [22] takes into account mutualcouplings, however, the technique depends on the park and probe measurements which is considered as REV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mutual Coupling-Based Full Self-Online Calibration Method for Antenna Arrays in Uplink

Zorkun,

Salas-Natera,

Pinto

et al. 2024

IEEE Open J. Antennas Propag.

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This paper proposes a mutual coupling based self-calibration method for transmit mode large scale antenna arrays. In accord with the proposed active antenna array model, gain/phase uncertainties, antenna element position errors and mutual coupling effects are reduced to an error matrix. The expansion of equations of the proposed calibration method are presented. The proposed calibration procedure is capable of compensating the error matrix while the system is operating and is suitable for off-line, on-site and online calibration procedures. The calibration procedure relies on the measurements of the error signal related to scan reflection coefficient while the system is operating, and the premeasured inter-element couplings. The calibration system takes pre-measured couplings, the geometry of the antenna array, the antenna weights and pointing direction as input, then, during the operation it combines input with the measured feedback signals to construct an array manifold. The coefficients of the error matrix are later estimated from the array manifold. The antenna weights are compensated by direct inversion of the estimated error matrix which involves division operator, yielding possible inaccurate coefficient estimation in hardware. Therefore, a globally convergent generalized inverse matrix approximation method is adopted. Simulation results with worst case errors and a simple experimental study are presented. The results show that with the proposed method, accurate calibration can be made with couplings only in the first and second order neighbors of an antenna element.INDEX TERMS Active antenna array, inverse matrix approximation, mutual coupling effect, self-calibration, up-link antenna arrays.

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Cost-effective and highly accurate antenna with built-in calibration for V2X communications

Kim,

Dong,

Lee

2024

Alexandria Engineering Journal

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Phased array calibration system with high accuracy and low complexity

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

Dual-band dual-polarized sub-6 GHz phased array antenna with suppressed higher order modes

Dual-band dual-polarized sub-6 GHz phased array antenna with suppressed higher order modes

A Mutual Coupling-Based Full Self-Online Calibration Method for Antenna Arrays in Uplink

Cost-effective and highly accurate antenna with built-in calibration for V2X communications

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