Phases and phase transitions of the hydrated phosphatidylethanolamines

Koynova, Rumiana; Caffrey, Martin

doi:10.1016/0009-3084(94)90024-8

Cited by 187 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 222 publications

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“…Thus, our model for the regulation of membrane lipid composition most probably explains the observations that lysis of E. coli cells occurs when the lipids contain a very large fraction of long, saturated acyl chains, and that the passive permeability of the cells increases when the fraction of 18:1c11 exceeds a certain value (Cronan and Rock, 1987;Davis and Silbert, 1974). Our model also likely explains why a mutant of E. coli was unable to grow although essentially all of its lipids were in the liquid crystalline state (Pluschke and Overath, 1981); the average acyl chain length was only 13.8 and PE with such short acyl chains has lost its ability to form an H II phase (Koynova and Caffrey, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…However, the situation is quite different for the zwitterionic lipid PE. This lipid has a comparatively small polar head group and depending on the structure of its acyl chains it can form L ␣ , reversed cubic, and H II phases under conditions relevant for E. coli cells (Koynova and Caffrey, 1994;Rilfors et al, 1994). It is illustrative to compare the T m values, and the temperatures for the transition between L ␣ and H II phases (T LH ), for some fully hydrated diacyl-PE species (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This membrane must constitute a permeability barrier to most hydrophilic molecules, which for synthetic diacyl-PE species having two saturated (Ⅺ) or two cis-9-monounsaturated acyl chains (Ç), and for a synthetic 16:0/18:1c9-PE species (É). The T m and T LH values for the synthetic PE species were used to calculate, through interpolation, these values for PE species containing acyl chains with the average lengths and degrees of unsaturation determined for the IM lipids (Table II) Koynova and Caffrey (1994). instead are transported over the membrane by specific proteins . The IM lipids contain PE species with a more pronounced tendency to form non-lamellar phases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wild-type Escherichia coli Cells Regulate the Membrane Lipid Composition in a “Window” between Gel and Non-lamellar Structures

Morein

Andersson

Rilfors

et al. 1996

Journal of Biological Chemistry

350

287

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Escherichia coli strain K12 was grown at 17, 27, and 37°C. The acyl chain composition of the membrane lipids varied with the growth temperature; the fraction of cis-vaccenoyl chains decreased, and the fraction of palmitoyl chains increased, when the growth temperature was increased. However, the polar head group composition did not change significantly. The equilibria between lamellar and reversed non-lamellar phases of lipids extracted from the inner membrane (IM), and from both the membranes (IOM), were studied with NMR and x-ray diffraction. At temperatures above the growth temperature the lipid extracts formed a reversed hexagonal phase, or a bicontinuous cubic phase, depending on the degree of hydration of the lipids. It was observed that: 1) at equal elevations above the growth temperature, IM lipid extracts, as well as IOM lipid extracts, have a nearly equal ability to form nonlamellar phases; 2) IM extracts have a stronger tendency than IOM extracts to form non-lamellar phases; 3) nonlamellar phases are formed under conditions that are relatively close to the physiological ones; the membrane lipid monolayers are thus "frustrated"; and 4) as a consequence of the change of the acyl chain structures, the temperature for the lamellar gel to liquid crystalline phase transition is changed simultaneously, and in the same direction, as the temperature for the lamellar to non-lamellar phase transition. With a too large fraction of saturated acyl chains the membrane lipids enter a gel state, and with a too large fraction of unsaturated acyl chains the lipids transform to non-lamellar phases. It is thus concluded that the regulation of the acyl chain composition in wild-type cells of E. coli is necessary for the organism to be able to grow in a "window" between a lamellar gel phase and reversed non-lamellar phases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Wild-type Escherichia coli Cells Regulate the Membrane Lipid Composition in a “Window” between Gel and Non-lamellar Structures

Morein

Andersson

Rilfors

et al. 1996

Journal of Biological Chemistry

350

287

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The trans-olefin geometry generates a weaker fluidising effect than the cis-isomer, as demonstrated by melting temperatures that are closer to that of isoforms with saturated FARs of the same chain length [96,97]. There is evidence that this applies to PG in particular [98].…”

Section: Plantsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Is phosphatidylglycerol essential for terrestrial life?

Furse

2016

J Chem Biol

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Lipids are of increasing importance in understanding biological systems. Lipids carrying an anionic charge are noted in particular for their electrostatic interactions with both proteins and divalent cations. However, the biological, analytical, chemical and biophysical data of such species are rarely considered together, limiting our ability to assess the true role of such lipids in vivo. In this review, evidence from a range of studies about the lipid phosphatidylglycerol is considered. This evidence supports the conclusions that this lipid is ubiquitous in living systems and generally of low abundance but probably fundamental for terrestrial life. Possible reasons for this are discussed and further questions posed.

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“…The structure and phase properties of various kinds of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) membrane have been extensively studied by a variety of methods, including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and fluorescence [5][6][7]. As the temperature increases, they undergo a gel (L β ) to L α phase transition, and then an L α to H II phase transition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low pH Stabilizes the Inverted Hexagonal II Phase in Dipalmitoleoylphosphatidylethanolamine Membrane

Yamazaki

2004

J Biol Phys

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Abstract. Dipalmitoleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DPOPE) membrane is in the L α phase in neutral pH at 20 • C. The results of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) indicate that an L α to H II phase transition in DPOPE membranes occurred at pH 1.9 in the absence of salt, and at pH 2.8 in the presence of 0.5 M KCl, at fully hydrated condition at 20 • C. The spontaneous curvature of DPOPE monolayer membrane did not change with a decrease in pH values. To elucidate the mechanism, we have investigated the effect of the cationic dioctadecyldimethylammonium (DODMA) on the structure and phase behavior of DPOPE membrane. The result shows that DODMA stabilizes the H II phase rather than the L α phase in DPOPE membrane at its low concentrations. Based on these results, the H II phase stability of DPOPE membrane due to low pH is discussed in terms of the spontaneous curvature of the monolayer membrane and the packing energy of acyl chains in the membrane.

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Phases and phase transitions of the hydrated phosphatidylethanolamines

Cited by 187 publications

References 222 publications

Wild-type Escherichia coli Cells Regulate the Membrane Lipid Composition in a “Window” between Gel and Non-lamellar Structures

Wild-type Escherichia coli Cells Regulate the Membrane Lipid Composition in a “Window” between Gel and Non-lamellar Structures

Is phosphatidylglycerol essential for terrestrial life?

Low pH Stabilizes the Inverted Hexagonal II Phase in Dipalmitoleoylphosphatidylethanolamine Membrane

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