Phebalium verrucosum (Rutaceae: Boronieae), new status for a taxon excluded from P. squamulosum on morphological and phytochemical evidence

Telford, Ian; Bruhl, Jeremy J.

doi:10.7751/telopea20147090

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…As previously mentioned, a study of enantiotypes can reveal if the essential oil was adulterated with a synthetic version of a component, because cheap synthetics are often racemes that interfere with the natural enantiomeric ratios defined in earlier studies [ 86 ]. Researchers should also be aware of naturally occurring enantiotypes in essential oils, such as the enantioenriched and enantiopure types of Phebalium verrucosum I.Telford and J.J.Bruhl [ 73 , 88 ].…”

Section: Authentication Of Essential Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental Chemistry of Essential Oils and Volatile Organic Compounds, Methods of Analysis and Authentication

Sadgrove

Padilla-González

Phumthum

2022

Plants

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The current text provides a comprehensive introduction to essential oils, their biosynthesis, naming, analysis, and chemistry. Importantly, this text quickly brings the reader up to a level of competence in the authentication of essential oils and their components. It gives detailed descriptions of enantiomers and other forms of stereoisomers relevant to the study of natural volatiles and essential oils. The text also describes GC-MS work and provides tips on rapid calculation of arithmetic indices, how to interpret suggested names from the NIST mass spectral library, and what additional efforts are required to validate essential oils and defeat sophisticated adulteration tactics. In brief, essential oils are mixtures of volatile organic compounds that were driven out of the raw plant material in distillation, condensed into an oil that is strongly aroma emitting, and collected in a vessel as the top layer (uncommonly bottom layer) of two phase separated liquids: oil and water. Essential oils commonly include components derived from two biosynthetic groups, being terpenes (monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and their derivatives) and phenylpropanoids (aromatic ring with a propene tail). The current text provides details of how terpenes and phenylpropanoids are further categorised according to their parent skeleton, then recognised by the character of oxidation, which may be from oxygen, nitrogen, or sulphur, or the presence/absence of a double bond. The essential oil’s science niche is an epicentre of individuals from diverse backgrounds, such as aromatherapy, pharmacy, synthetic and analytical chemistry, or the hobbyist. To make the science more accessible to the curious student or researcher, it was necessary to write this fundamentals-level introduction to the chemistry of essential oils (i.e., organic chemistry in the context of essential oils), which is herein presented as a comprehensive and accessible overview. Lastly, the current review constitutes the only resource that highlights common errors and explains in simplistic detail how to correctly interpret GC-MS data then accurately present the respective chemical information to the wider scientific audience. Therefore, detailed study of the contents herein will equip the individual with prerequisite knowledge necessary to effectively analyse an essential oil and make qualified judgement on its authenticity.

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Section: Authentication Of Essential Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental Chemistry of Essential Oils and Volatile Organic Compounds, Methods of Analysis and Authentication

Sadgrove

Padilla-González

Phumthum

2022

Plants

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“…A section of 35 species found across southern Australia and in eastern Australia from northern Queensland to Tasmania. For an account of the section and species, see Wilson (2013 b ; as the genus Phebalium ), with additions by Telford (2013), Telford and Bruhl (2014), Telford et al (2019), and Ford and Duretto (2020).…”

Section: Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…see Bayly et al 2016; Telford et al 2019) and new taxonomic concepts, including taxa new to science, have been regularly published (e.g. Telford 2013; Telford and Bruhl 2014, 2020; Bell and Walsh 2015; McDougall et al 2016; Orme and Duretto 2017; Wege 2017; Copeland and Telford 2018; Duretto 2018; Alvarez and Duretto 2019 a , 2019 b ; Telford et al 2019; Ford and Duretto 2020; Shepherd and Crawford 2020; Wege and Hislop 2020; Dema et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generic and infrageneric limits of Phebalium and its allies (Rutaceae: Zanthoxyloideae)

2023

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We present a five-locus 129-species phylogeny of Rutaceae from subfamily Zanthoxyloideae, with 193 ingroup samples representing 128 species from all 18 genera in the Eriostemon Group and focus on generic and infrageneric limits in Phebalium and its allies. Maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference analyses were performed using three plastid markers (psbA-trnH, trnL-trnF, rbcL) and two nuclear ribosomal markers (ITS, ETS). Asterolasia, Correa, Diplolaena, Eriostemon, Leionema, Nematolepis and Phebalium are each shown to be monophyletic, reaffirming the results of previous authors. The paraphyly of Rhadinothamnus with respect to Chorilaena is addressed by transferring all taxa of Rhadinothamnus into an expanded Chorilaena and a key to species presented. Microcybe is reduced to synonymy under Phebalium and recognised at a sectional level, with the distinctiveness of M. ambigua recognised by erecting a new monotypic section to accommodate it. The denser sampling of the Eriostemon Group in this study has not improved resolution among genera; there is little support for most relationships among genera, a finding similar to that of previous authors. New sectional classifications with keys are presented for Asterolasia, Leionema, Nematolepis and Phebalium.

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“…However, rather than correct subspecies placement, P. squamulosum subsp. verrucosum was elevated to species rank as P. verrucosum (Paul G.Wilson) I.Telford & J.J.Bruhl [75].…”

Section: Examples Of Essential Oils In Australian Chemophenetic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purely Australian Essential Oils Past and Present: Chemical Diversity, Authenticity, Bioactivity, and Commercial Value

Sadgrove

2022

Diversity

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In this comprehensive commentary, Australian essential oils and their components are listed and discussed in the context of their value to industry and aesthetics. The historic and cultural significance of endemic essential oils is explained. Several promising candidates are identified that have commercial potential and will enter the marketplace in the not-too-distant future. This text elaborates on the current progress in research, and explains the up-to-date view of ‘bioactive,’ with reference to insect repellence, antimicrobial activity, anti-inflammatory activity, and potential toxicity. The concept of chemotypes and chemophenetics is explained in detail to justify why chemically variable species in Australia require standardisation practices to ensure reproducibility of their derived natural products: standardisation practice includes cultivar development and authentication protocols. Thereafter, some of the more significant essential oils are defined and some background information provided. This review concludes with a comprehensive table of aromatic species that were studied by Joseph Brophy over the last 30 years, thereby providing the most comprehensive overview available, on the chemistry of Australian essential oil yielding species.

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Phebalium verrucosum (Rutaceae: Boronieae), new status for a taxon excluded from P. squamulosum on morphological and phytochemical evidence

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Fundamental Chemistry of Essential Oils and Volatile Organic Compounds, Methods of Analysis and Authentication

Fundamental Chemistry of Essential Oils and Volatile Organic Compounds, Methods of Analysis and Authentication

Generic and infrageneric limits of Phebalium and its allies (Rutaceae: Zanthoxyloideae)

Purely Australian Essential Oils Past and Present: Chemical Diversity, Authenticity, Bioactivity, and Commercial Value

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