Phenetic and Phylogenetic Relationships of Egyptian Hordeum vulgare L. Using Agro-morphological Criteria, Molecular Marker and Genes Expression

Abstract

Phenetic and phylogenetic relationships between ten Hordeum vulgare L. taxa, seven cultivars (Giza 123, Giza 126, Giza 127, Giza 128, Giza 129, Giza 130 and Giza 2000) and three landraces collected from Sinai (El-Kheroba, El-Sheikh Zuwaid and Wadi Sedr). This study was carried out using morphological criteria, molecular genetic markers (SSRs) and finally soluble protein patterns. The results of morphological traits reflected that Giza 2000 and Wadi Sedr gave superior in vegetative growth and yield productivity in contrast to Giza 129, which showed an inferior vegetative growth and yield. The SSR analyses using 7 primers and revealed detection of a total of 15 bands, among which 8 bands (61.22%) were polymorphic. Finally, we can conclude that genetic dissimilarity tree was produced by the hierarchical cluster analysis based on morphological data stated the pedigree of studied cultivars. However, the genetic similarity tree was produced by UPGMA based on molecular markers (SSRs) and soluble proteins patterns were not in full agreement with the pedigree.