Phenolic and Fatty Acid Profile, and Protein Content of Different Walnut Cultivars and Genotypes (<i>Juglans regia</i> L.) Grown in the USA

Kafkas, Ebru; Attar, Şule Hilal; Gündeşli, Muhammet Ali; Özcan, Akide; Ergun, Muharrem

doi:10.1080/15538362.2020.1830014

Cited by 37 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…On average, ‘Chandler’ had a higher MUFA and MUFA/PUFA ratio; and lower linoleic/linolenic ratio compared to ‘Howard’. Even though ’Howard’ was described in previous research as the highest polyunsaturated fatty acid among cultivars grown in the USA [ 36 ], the difference between cultivars was not significant in this study. Linoleic acid was the fatty acid found in the highest concentration (58–59%), followed by oleic (14–15%) and linolenic acids (14–15%).…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 78%

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Volatile Compounds Indicate Kernel and Oil Oxidation

Grilo

Wang

2021

Foods

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Kernel oxidation susceptibility and pellicle darkening are among the biggest concerns regarding walnut quality. Monitoring oxidation is crucial to preserve quality from production to consumption. Chemical oxidation parameters (peroxide value and UV absorbances), fatty acid profile, tocopherols, phenols, and volatiles in ‘Chandler’ and ‘Howard’ kernels were studied at different time points during 28 weeks of storage to evaluate potential oxidation markers. During storage, peroxide value, UV absorbances, and volatiles concentration increased; oxidative stability, phenols, and tocopherols decreased, while fatty acid profile was unaffected. ‘Chandler’ had a lower peroxide value, K232, and K268; and higher kernel and oil oxidative stability compared to ‘Howard’. Phenols and tocopherols decreased 1.2-fold in ‘Chandler’ and 1.3-fold in ‘Howard’. Using multivariate analysis, samples were discriminated in three groups according with their oxidative levels. Increases of volatiles in oil and kernel were associated with higher oxidative levels. Pentanal, 2-methylpropanal, hexanal, (E)-2-pentenal, 3-octanone, octanal, (Z)-2-penten-1-ol, hexanol, (E)-2-octenal, 1-octen-3-ol, benzaldehyde, (E,E)-2,4-nonadienal, and hexanoic acid in kernels were adequate at distinguishing oxidation levels and as oxidative markers in walnuts. Kernel volatiles is a useful measurement for walnut oxidation during storage without any prior fat extraction.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 78%

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Volatile Compounds Indicate Kernel and Oil Oxidation

Grilo

Wang

2021

Foods

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“…Walnuts are also an important source of tocopherols, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs and PUFAs) and saturated fatty acids (SFAs), phospholipids and polyphenols. Linoleic acid is the most abundant fatty acid, followed by oleic acid and linoleic acid [ 9 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compositional and Morphological Characterization of ‘Sorrento’ and ‘Chandler’ Walnuts

Romano

Luca

Vanacore

et al. 2022

Foods

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In Italy, most of the cultivated walnuts belong to the Sorrento ecotype, and they are considered commercially valuable due to their specific organoleptic characteristics. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the morphological and compositional characteristics of walnuts sampled from ‘Sorrento’ trees cultivated in different locations in Campania and trees of both the ‘Chandler’ and ‘Sorrento’ varieties derived from the same location. The results demonstrated that ‘Sorrento’ and ‘Chandler’ walnuts have different biometric characteristics and a different fat content, with the highest fat content being found in the ‘Sorrento’ variety. Regarding the fatty acid (FA) composition, the content of monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids (MUFAs and SFAs) was highest in the ‘Sorrento’ variety (from 13 to 15% for MUFAs and from 11 to 13% for SFAs), while the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) content was highest in the ‘Chandler’ variety (77%). The total phenolics content (TPC) was highest in the ‘Sorrento’ variety (from 910 to 1230 mg GAE/100 g), while no difference in γ-tocopherol content was found. Furthermore, the influence of walnut area cultivation was shown for fat content, FA composition and TPC. Therefore, both walnut varieties demonstrated good nutritional properties considering the PUFAs and γ-tocopherol content.

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“…Numerous studies have been conducted on walnut fruits concerning biochemical, phytochemical, and antioxidant characteristics, and their contribution to human health and nutrition. Walnut kernel has a high amount of protein, fat, vitamins, minerals, and polyphenols, therefore, placing walnut in the human diet is inevitable [3,4]. Walnut has been also using in folk medicine due to its high antioxidant capacity [5] and alkaloids content with antimicrobial properties and ω-3 fatty acid concentration [6] for a long time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity among Some Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Genotypes by SSR Markers

et al. 2021

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The food needs for increasing population, climatic changes, urbanization and industrialization, along with the destruction of forests, are the main challenges of modern life. Therefore, it is very important to evaluate plant genetic resources in order to cope with these problems. Therefore, in this study, a set of ninety-one walnut (Juglans regia L.) accessions from Central Anatolia region, composed of seventy-four accessions and eight commercial cultivars from Turkey, and nine international reference cultivars, was analyzed using 45 SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) markers to reveal the genetic diversity. SSR analysis identified 390 alleles for 91 accessions. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 3 to 19 alleles with a mean value of 9 alleles per locus. Genetic dissimilarity coefficients ranged from 0.03 to 0.68. The highest number of alleles was obtained from CUJRA212 locus (Na = 19). The values of polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.42 (JRHR222528) to 0.86 (CUJRA212) with a mean PIC value of 0.68. Genetic distances were estimated according to the UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Average), Principal Coordinates (PCoA), and the Structure-based clustering. The UPGMA and Structure clustering of the accessions depicted five major clusters supporting the PCoA results. The dendrogram revealed the similarities and dissimilarities among the accessions by identifying five major clusters. Based on this study, SSR analyses indicate that Yozgat province has an important genetic diversity pool and rich genetic variance of walnuts.

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Phenolic and Fatty Acid Profile, and Protein Content of Different Walnut Cultivars and Genotypes (Juglans regia L.) Grown in the USA

Cited by 37 publications

References 42 publications

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Volatile Compounds Indicate Kernel and Oil Oxidation

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Volatile Compounds Indicate Kernel and Oil Oxidation

Compositional and Morphological Characterization of ‘Sorrento’ and ‘Chandler’ Walnuts

Genetic Diversity among Some Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Genotypes by SSR Markers

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