Phenolic Constituents of Galla Rhois with Hepatoprotective Effects on Tacrine- and Nitrofurantoin-Induced Cytotoxicity in Hep G2 Cells

An, Ren Bo; Oh, Hyuncheol; Kim, Youn Chul

doi:10.1248/bpb.28.2155

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…As an antiviral, RC ethyl acetate extract has inhibitory effects against hepatitis carcinoma virus [29,30] and severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus [30]. Penta-1,2,3,4,6-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (PGG) isolated from RC shows promising hepatoprotective properties [31] and the anticancer effects of RC are believed to involve inhibition of dcd25A phosphotase activity [32] or gallic acid as one of the bioactive components in RC [26,33,34] which directly induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cells [35]. PGG was also shown by Huh et al, to be a constituent in RC with ability to inhibit angiogenesis and stimulate apoptosis [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Throughput Screening to Identify Plant Derived Human LDH-A Inhibitors

Deiab

Mazzio

Messeha

et al. 2013

EJMP

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Aims-Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)-A is highly expressed in diverse human malignant tumors, parallel to aggressive metastatic disease, resistance to radiation/chemotherapy and clinically poor outcome. Although this enzyme constitutes a plausible target in treatment of advanced cancer, there are few known LDH-A inhibitors.Study Design-In this work, we utilized a high-throughput enzyme micro-array format to screen and evaluate > 900 commonly used medicinal plant extracts (0.00001-.5 mg/ml) for capacity to inhibit activity of recombinant full length human LDHA; EC .1.1.1.27.Methodology-The protein sequence of purified enzyme was confirmed using 1D gel electrophoresis-MALDI-TOF-MS/MS, enzyme activity was validated by oxidation of NADH (500μM) and kinetic inhibition established in the presence of a known inhibitor (Oxalic Acid). Conclusion-These findings reflect relative potency by rank of commonly used herbs and plants that contain human LDH-A inhibitory properties. Future research will be required to isolate chemical constituents within these plants responsible for LDH-A inhibition and investigate potential therapeutic application. Results-Of

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Throughput Screening to Identify Plant Derived Human LDH-A Inhibitors

Deiab

Mazzio

Messeha

et al. 2013

EJMP

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“…Several studies of natural hepatoprotective agents have revealed that the extract of Galla chinensis showed promising hepatoprotective activity Tian et al, 2005). Based on an activity-guided separation scheme An et al (2005) purifi ed pentagalloylglucose [1] and an equilibrium mixture of 3-galloyl-gallic acid and 4-galloyl-gallic acid isomer from the methanol extract of Galla chinensis and validated their hepatoprotective activity. Pentagalloylglucose [1] and the mixture compounds were found to have marked protective effects on tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in human liver-derived Hep G2 cells with EC 50 values of 70.39 ± 5.4 and 29.51 ± 0.7 μm, respectively, and also inhibited nitrofurantoininduced cytotoxicity in Hep G2 cells at 150.9 ± 6.4 and 23.81 ± 0.5 μm respectively.…”

Section: Hepatoprotective Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhus chinensis and Galla Chinensis – folklore to modern evidence: review

Djakpo

Yao

2010

Phytotherapy Research

157

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The species Rhus chinensis Mill. (Anacardiaceae) is an important representative of the genus Rhus, which contains over 250 individual species found in temperate and tropical regions worldwide. Rhus chinensis has long been used by folk medicine practitioners in Asia. Leaves, roots, stem, bark, fruit and particularly the galls on Rhus chinensis leaves, Galla chinensis, are recognized to have preventative and therapeutic effects on different ailments (such as diarrhea, dysentery, rectal and intestinal cancer, diabetes mellitus, sepsis, oral diseases and inflammation). However, it is critical to separate evidence from anecdote. Fortunately, recent scientific research has revealed that Rhus chinensis compounds possess strong antiviral, antibacterial, anticancer, hepatoprotective, antidiarrheal and antioxidant activities. Moreover, compounds isolated from the stem of Rhus chinensis significantly suppressed HIV-1 activity in vitro. Compounds from this plant were also found to inhibit enamel demineralization in vitro and enhance remineralization of dental enamel with fluoride. This review highlights claims from traditional and tribal medicinal lore and makes a contemporary summary of phytochemical, biological and pharmacological findings on this plant material. It aims to show that the pharmaceutical potential of this plant deserves closer attention.

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“…Equilibrium mixture of ethyl m-digallate and ethyl p-digallate isomers (EDG) and gallic acid (GA) were isolated from ethanol extract of Galla Rhois through bioassay-guided fractionation, as described by An et al, 2005 and its chemical structure is shown in Fig. 1 …”

Section: Preparation Of Edg and Gamentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Production by Ethyl Digallates Isolated from Galla Rhois in RAW 264.7 Macrophages

Park¹,

Hur²,

Lee³

et al. 2011

Biomolecules and Therapeutics

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Galla Rhois and its components are known to possess anti-infl ammatory properties. In the present study, we prepared equilibrium mixture of ethyl m-digallate and ethyl p-digallate isomers (EDG) from Galla Rhois and examined its effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in murine macrophage cell line. Treatment of RAW264.7 macrophages with EDG signifi cantly inhibited NO production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression stimulated by LPS, as assessed by Western blot and quantitative RT-PCR analyses. We also demonstrated that EDG treatment led to an increase in heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) mRNA and protein expression. EDG treatment also enhanced expression level of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in nucleus, which is critical for transcriptional induction of HO-1. Treatment with SnPP (tin protoporphyrin IX), a selective HO-1 inhibitor, reversed EDG-mediated inhibition of nitrite production, suggesting that HO-1 plays an important role in the suppression of NO production by EDG. Taken together, these results indicate that EDG isolated from Galla Rhois suppresses LPS-stimulated NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages via HO-1 induction.

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Phenolic Constituents of Galla Rhois with Hepatoprotective Effects on Tacrine- and Nitrofurantoin-Induced Cytotoxicity in Hep G2 Cells

Abstract: The bioassay-guided fractionation of the MeOH extract of Galla Rhois furnished two hepatoprotective compounds, an equilibrium mixture of 3-galloyl-gallic acid and 4-galloyl-gallic acid isomers (

Cited by 20 publications

References 12 publications

High-Throughput Screening to Identify Plant Derived Human LDH-A Inhibitors

High-Throughput Screening to Identify Plant Derived Human LDH-A Inhibitors

Rhus chinensis and Galla Chinensis – folklore to modern evidence: review

Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Production by Ethyl Digallates Isolated from Galla Rhois in RAW 264.7 Macrophages

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